Aptamer and graphene-enhanced field-effect device for the sensitive and label-free detection of adenosine triphosphate

IF 3.3 4区医学 Q3 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL

Biomedical Microdevices Pub Date : 2025-08-16 DOI:10.1007/s10544-025-00765-y

Muhammad Noman Bashir, Miaomiao Wang, Yating Chen, Yuxuan Yuan, Beenish Noureen, Minggao Liu, Yage Liu, Zhan Qu, Liping Du, Chunsheng Wu

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Abstract

The urgent need for adenosine triphosphate (ATP) detection spans various fields, particularly in biology and medicine. Developing a simple, quick, label-free, and highly sensitive biosensor for ATP detection is crucial. In this study, we created a label-free biosensor using a field-effect device, specifically an electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor (EIS) sensor, which was functionalized with aptamer and graphene. We prepared a nanocomplex by combining graphene with bovine serum albumin (BSA) in PBS and subjecting it to ultrasonication. This Graphene/BSA mixture was then combined with 70% glutaraldehyde to form the Graphene/BSA/GA nanocomplex. The successful modification of the EIS biosensor surface with Graphene/BSA/GA and aptamer immobilization was confirmed using atomic force microscopy (AFM), which indicated successful molecule attachment through surface roughness. Electrochemical characterization revealed that the biosensor is sensitive to ATP concentrations ranging from 0.1 nM to 100 nM, with a detection limit as low as 0.32 nM. Statistical analysis demonstrated the biosensor’s high sensitivity and specificity for ATP. Furthermore, the biosensor maintained stable performance for ATP detection over a period of 5 days. This sensing approach effectively detected ATP with outstanding performance, showing significant potential for advancing label-free ATP detection technologies.

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适配体和石墨烯增强场效应装置用于三磷酸腺苷的灵敏和无标记检测

对三磷酸腺苷（ATP）检测的迫切需求遍及各个领域，特别是在生物学和医学领域。开发一种简单、快速、无标签、高灵敏度的ATP检测生物传感器至关重要。在这项研究中，我们使用场效应器件，特别是电解质-绝缘体-半导体（EIS）传感器，创建了一个无标签的生物传感器，该传感器由适体和石墨烯功能化。我们将石墨烯与牛血清白蛋白（BSA）结合在PBS中，并对其进行超声处理，制备了纳米复合物。然后将这种石墨烯/BSA混合物与70%戊二醛结合，形成石墨烯/BSA/GA纳米复合物。原子力显微镜（AFM）证实了石墨烯/BSA/GA和适配体固定化修饰EIS生物传感器表面的成功，表明通过表面粗糙度成功地进行了分子附着。电化学表征表明，该传感器对ATP浓度范围为0.1 nM ~ 100 nM，检测限低至0.32 nM。统计分析表明该生物传感器对ATP具有较高的灵敏度和特异性。此外，该生物传感器在5天的时间内保持稳定的ATP检测性能。这种传感方法能够有效地检测ATP，具有优异的性能，在推进无标记ATP检测技术方面具有重要的潜力。图形抽象

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来源期刊

Biomedical Microdevices 工程技术-工程：生物医学

CiteScore

6.90

自引率

3.60%

发文量

审稿时长

6 months

期刊介绍： Biomedical Microdevices: BioMEMS and Biomedical Nanotechnology is an interdisciplinary periodical devoted to all aspects of research in the medical diagnostic and therapeutic applications of Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (BioMEMS) and nanotechnology for medicine and biology. General subjects of interest include the design, characterization, testing, modeling and clinical validation of microfabricated systems, and their integration on-chip and in larger functional units. The specific interests of the Journal include systems for neural stimulation and recording, bioseparation technologies such as nanofilters and electrophoretic equipment, miniaturized analytic and DNA identification systems, biosensors, and micro/nanotechnologies for cell and tissue research, tissue engineering, cell transplantation, and the controlled release of drugs and biological molecules. Contributions reporting on fundamental and applied investigations of the material science, biochemistry, and physics of biomedical microdevices and nanotechnology are encouraged. A non-exhaustive list of fields of interest includes: nanoparticle synthesis, characterization, and validation of therapeutic or imaging efficacy in animal models; biocompatibility; biochemical modification of microfabricated devices, with reference to non-specific protein adsorption, and the active immobilization and patterning of proteins on micro/nanofabricated surfaces; the dynamics of fluids in micro-and-nano-fabricated channels; the electromechanical and structural response of micro/nanofabricated systems; the interactions of microdevices with cells and tissues, including biocompatibility and biodegradation studies; variations in the characteristics of the systems as a function of the micro/nanofabrication parameters.