Use of modern family planning methods and its association with quality of life among Rwandan women: a multi-center cross-sectional study.

Abstract

Background: Family planning (FP) promotes sustainable population growth and enhances societal well-being. Despite its recognized importance, the quality of life (QoL) of women utilizing modern FP methods in Rwanda remains underexplored. Women's experiences and perceptions of contraceptive methods significantly influence their uptake and continued use.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the QoL of women using modern FP methods in Rwanda.

Methodology: A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted involving 415 women who had been using modern FP methods for at least six months. Participants were recruited from the University Teaching Hospital of Kigali (CHUK) and four selected Health Centers in Rwanda. The Short-Form 36 (SF-36) Health Survey was used to evaluate the QoL. Data analysis was performed using the R programming version 4.0.2.

Results: Participants reported overall favorable QoL across all domains. Social functioning scored the highest (94.16%, SD = 17), while physical functioning scored the lowest (80.6%, SD = 34.45). Women aged 32-38 had significantly higher QoL scores in role functioning, including social functioning, role functioning due to physical issues, and role functioning due to emotional issues (p < 0.001, p = 0.014, and p = 0.034, respectively). The type of FP Method was strongly associated with QoL outcomes in all domains, with Intrauterine Devices (IUDs) correlating with the highest scores, particularly in physical functioning (p < 0.001). Rural women reported better general health (p < 0.001) compared to their urban counterparts.

Conclusion: Women using modern FP methods in Rwanda generally reported a high QoL. Both the FP method type and age significantly influenced QoL outcomes. Thus, there is a need to promote the universal use of Modern FP methods among women of reproductive age in Rwanda.