Effects of vitamin D supplementation on metabolic parameters, anthropometric measures, and diabetes risk in patients with prediabetes: an umbrella review of meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials.

IF 4.1 2区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition & Metabolism Pub Date : 2025-08-14 DOI:10.1186/s12986-025-00994-1

Roghayeh Molani-Gol, Maryam Rafraf, Sara Safari

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: The prevalence of prediabetes and, consequently, type 2 diabetes is increasing around the world. Previous meta-analyses reported controversial findings regarding the association between vitamin D supplementation with glycemic control and diabetes risk. This comprehensive meta-analysis summarized existing research to provide an estimate of the impact of vitamin D supplementation on metabolic parameters and diabetes risk in individuals with prediabetes.

Method: A comprehensive systematic search was conducted across the Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and Cochrane databases, and Google Scholar using relevant keywords until 22 July 2025. The AMSTAR2 scale was used to evaluate the methodological quality of the included articles. Moreover, the certainty of the evidence was assessed using the GRADE tool. Stata 17 software was used for data analysis.

Results: Fourteen meta-analyses comprising 31 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of 3856 prediabetic patients were included in this review. Combining the findings of RCTs revealed that vitamin D supplementation significantly reduced the levels of fasting blood sugar (WMD= -0.377 mg/dl, 95% CI (-0.589, -0.165), p < 0.001), insulin (WMD = -0.174 µU/mL, 95% CI (-0.274, 0.074), p < 0.001), hemoglobin A1c (WMD = -0.479%, 95% CI (-0.714, -0.245), p < 0.001), and serum triglyceride (TG) (WMD = -0.385 mg/dl, 95% CI (-0.622, -0.147), p = 0.002) in comparison with the control group. The effects of vitamin D on insulin resistance by homeostasis model assessment, 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test plasma glucose, homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function, body mass index, and diabetes risk of participants were not significant.

Conclusion: The findings of this umbrella review suggested that vitamin D supplementation could help to improve some glycemic indices and TG levels. However, due to discrepancies among the results, more well-designed RCTs are warranted to confirm and clarify the impacts of vitamin D supplementation in prediabetic patients.

Clinical trial number: Not applicable.

查看原文本刊更多论文

补充维生素D对糖尿病前期患者代谢参数、人体测量和糖尿病风险的影响：随机对照试验的荟萃分析综述

背景：糖尿病前期和2型糖尿病的患病率在世界范围内呈上升趋势。先前的荟萃分析报告了关于补充维生素D与血糖控制和糖尿病风险之间关系的有争议的发现。这项综合荟萃分析总结了现有的研究，以估计补充维生素D对糖尿病前期个体代谢参数和糖尿病风险的影响。方法：对Web of Science、Scopus、PubMed、Cochrane数据库和谷歌Scholar数据库进行全面系统检索，检索截止日期为2025年7月22日。采用AMSTAR2量表评价纳入文章的方法学质量。此外，使用GRADE工具评估证据的确定性。采用Stata 17软件进行数据分析。结果：本综述纳入了14项荟萃分析，包括31项随机对照试验（RCTs），涉及3856名糖尿病前期患者。结合随机对照试验的结果显示，补充维生素D可显著降低空腹血糖水平（WMD= -0.377 mg/dl, 95% CI(-0.589, -0.165)）。结论：本综述的研究结果表明，补充维生素D有助于改善某些血糖指标和TG水平。然而，由于结果之间存在差异，需要更多设计良好的随机对照试验来确认和阐明补充维生素D对糖尿病前期患者的影响。临床试验号：不适用。

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来源期刊

Nutrition & Metabolism 医学-营养学

CiteScore

8.40

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Nutrition & Metabolism publishes studies with a clear focus on nutrition and metabolism with applications ranging from nutrition needs, exercise physiology, clinical and population studies, as well as the underlying mechanisms in these aspects. The areas of interest for Nutrition & Metabolism encompass studies in molecular nutrition in the context of obesity, diabetes, lipedemias, metabolic syndrome and exercise physiology. Manuscripts related to molecular, cellular and human metabolism, nutrient sensing and nutrient–gene interactions are also in interest, as are submissions that have employed new and innovative strategies like metabolomics/lipidomics or other omic-based biomarkers to predict nutritional status and metabolic diseases. Key areas we wish to encourage submissions from include: -how diet and specific nutrients interact with genes, proteins or metabolites to influence metabolic phenotypes and disease outcomes; -the role of epigenetic factors and the microbiome in the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases and their influence on metabolic responses to diet and food components; -how diet and other environmental factors affect epigenetics and microbiota; the extent to which genetic and nongenetic factors modify personal metabolic responses to diet and food compositions and the mechanisms involved; -how specific biologic networks and nutrient sensing mechanisms attribute to metabolic variability.