Progress in Heterocyclic Hybrids for Breast Cancer Therapy: Emerging Trends, Hybridization Techniques, Mechanistic Pathways and SAR Insights.

IF 3.3 3区 医学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, MEDICINAL
Akhilesh Gangwar, Agnidipta Das, Vikas Jaitak
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Introduction: Breast cancer is a widespread and life-threatening disease. While FDAapproved anti-BC drugs have improved survival rates, issues like drug resistance and adverse effects highlight the need for new therapeutic options. Molecular hybridization, a modern drug discovery strategy, combines different pharmacophores or frameworks into a single molecule to enhance pharmacological activity and improve treatment outcomes. Hybridizing two or more heterocyclic moieties has become a promising approach in anti-cancer drug discovery.

Methods: This article reviews the role of heterocyclic hybrids in BC therapy, based on literature from 1995 to 2024 available in PubMed. Key heterocyclic hybrids, pyrimidine, triazole, indole, coumarin, beta-carboline, azepine, isoquinoline, benzoxepine, and platinum-core hybrids were included.

Results: Triazole, in particular, was found to be a highly effective scaffold for BC treatment when combined with indole, pyridazinone, and steroid pharmacophores.

Discussion: The article discusses novel molecular hybridization strategies, current BC treatment options, clinical studies, key functional groups, anti-apoptotic mechanisms, and protein-ligand interactions. Structure-activity relationships are explored to highlight desirable pharmacophoric features, aiding in the development of more effective BC therapies.

Conclusion: Each heterocyclic hybrid class of BC comprises some salient features and potentials, which may be further investigated to obtain novel effective heterocyclic hybrid molecules in BC therapy.

杂环杂交体治疗乳腺癌的进展:新趋势、杂交技术、机制途径和SAR见解。
乳腺癌是一种广泛存在且危及生命的疾病。虽然fda批准的抗bc药物提高了生存率,但耐药性和不良反应等问题突出了对新治疗方案的需求。分子杂交是一种现代药物发现策略,它将不同的药物载体或框架组合成单个分子,以增强药理活性和改善治疗效果。两个或多个杂环杂化已成为一种很有前途的抗癌药物发现方法。方法:本文基于PubMed 1995年至2024年的文献,回顾了杂环杂交体在BC治疗中的作用。主要杂环杂交种包括嘧啶、三唑、吲哚、香豆素、β -卡波林、氮平、异喹啉、苯并西平和铂核杂交种。结果:特别是三唑,当与吲哚、吡嗪酮和类固醇药效团联合使用时,被发现是一种非常有效的治疗BC的支架。讨论:本文讨论了新的分子杂交策略,目前的BC治疗方案,临床研究,关键功能基团,抗凋亡机制和蛋白质-配体相互作用。探讨结构-活性关系,以突出理想的药效特征,帮助开发更有效的BC治疗方法。结论:每一类BC杂环杂化分子都有一些显著的特点和潜力,可以进一步研究以获得新的有效的BC杂化分子。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
7.80
自引率
0.00%
发文量
231
审稿时长
6 months
期刊介绍: The aim of Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry is to publish short reviews on the important recent developments in medicinal chemistry and allied disciplines. Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry covers all areas of medicinal chemistry including developments in rational drug design, synthetic chemistry, bioorganic chemistry, high-throughput screening, combinatorial chemistry, drug targets, and natural product research and structure-activity relationship studies. Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry is an essential journal for every medicinal and pharmaceutical chemist who wishes to be kept informed and up-to-date with the latest and most important developments.
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