A Structure-activity Relationship (SAR) Insight for the Most Effective Oral Antidiabetic Compounds-A Current Review.

IF 3.3 4区医学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, MEDICINAL

Current topics in medicinal chemistry Pub Date : 2025-08-13 DOI:10.2174/0115680266379581250804035449

Fathiy Mutalabisin, Nader Ghaffari Khaligh

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus, a chronic metabolic disorder, poses a significant global health challenge, demanding continuous research into effective treatments. With projections of 629 million individuals affected by 2045 and escalating healthcare costs, the need for new anti-diabetic medications is urgent. Current therapies often present limitations, including undesirable side effects and insufficient long-term efficacy. This review explores the development of oral anti-diabetic drugs (OADs), focusing on the structure-activity relationship (SAR) employed to create both established and emerging classes of medications. We examine the six major OAD classes: biguanides, sulfonylureas, meglitinides, thiazolidinediones, DPP-4 inhibitors, and SGLT2 inhibitors. In addition, a new promising class of OAD, namely metal complexes, is discussed. This review highlights the crucial role of synthetic chemistry in advancing diabetes treatment and improving patient outcomes.

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最有效的口服降糖药的构效关系（SAR）研究综述

糖尿病是一种慢性代谢性疾病，对全球健康构成重大挑战，需要不断研究有效的治疗方法。预计到2045年将有6.29亿人受到影响，医疗成本不断上升，对新型抗糖尿病药物的需求迫在眉睫。目前的治疗方法往往存在局限性，包括不良副作用和长期疗效不足。本文综述了口服抗糖尿病药物（OADs）的发展，重点介绍了结构-活性关系（SAR）用于创建现有和新兴药物类别。我们研究了六种主要的OAD类：双胍类、磺脲类、美格列酮类、噻唑烷二酮类、DPP-4抑制剂和SGLT2抑制剂。此外，还讨论了一类很有前途的新型OAD，即金属配合物。这篇综述强调了合成化学在推进糖尿病治疗和改善患者预后方面的关键作用。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Current topics in medicinal chemistry 医学-医药化学

CiteScore

6.40

自引率

2.90%

发文量

186

审稿时长

3-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry is a forum for the review of areas of keen and topical interest to medicinal chemists and others in the allied disciplines. Each issue is solely devoted to a specific topic, containing six to nine reviews, which provide the reader a comprehensive survey of that area. A Guest Editor who is an expert in the topic under review, will assemble each issue. The scope of Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry will cover all areas of medicinal chemistry, including current developments in rational drug design, synthetic chemistry, bioorganic chemistry, high-throughput screening, combinatorial chemistry, compound diversity measurements, drug absorption, drug distribution, metabolism, new and emerging drug targets, natural products, pharmacogenomics, and structure-activity relationships. Medicinal chemistry is a rapidly maturing discipline. The study of how structure and function are related is absolutely essential to understanding the molecular basis of life. Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry aims to contribute to the growth of scientific knowledge and insight, and facilitate the discovery and development of new therapeutic agents to treat debilitating human disorders. The journal is essential for every medicinal chemist who wishes to be kept informed and up-to-date with the latest and most important advances.