Low RF Power Harvesting Enabled Wireless Sensor Node With Long-Distance Communication Capability

IF 4.5 1区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI:10.1109/TMTT.2025.3552170

Lei Guo;Mengxi Yan;Ruixu Hu;Ruiyao Du;Peng Chu;Yang Li;Yangping Zhao;Ke Wu

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

It has been challenging for a wireless sensor node to realize long-range real-time information feedback in the low power harvesting scenarios, due to the limited power budget. In this article, a sensor node powered by low radio frequency (RF) power harvesting is proposed with long-communication capability without using an RF power amplifier or external power source. The proposed sensor node is capable of rectifying input RF power as low as −20 dBm at 433 MHz, while simultaneously generating a 866 MHz second harmonic during the harvesting process. To address problems of long-range data transmission, the generated harmonic is amplified by a tunnel diode powered by rectified dc power, while carrying sensor data of temperature, humidity, and CO2 concentration. The fabricated sensor node shows an output power of around −14.75 dBm for the second harmonic, even with an injecting RF power as low as −20 dBm. It enables a long range exceeding 40 m for indoor communication scenarios with a low energy consumption of just 20.7 mJ. The sensor node demonstrates a great potential for future internet of things (IoT) applications in low RF power harvesting scenarios.

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具有远距离通信能力的低射频功率采集无线传感器节点

由于有限的功率预算，无线传感器节点在低功耗采集场景下实现远程实时信息反馈一直是一个挑战。在本文中，提出了一种由低射频（RF）功率收集供电的传感器节点，无需使用射频功率放大器或外部电源，即可实现长通信能力。所提出的传感器节点能够在433 MHz下整流低至- 20 dBm的输入RF功率，同时在采集过程中产生866 MHz的二次谐波。为了解决远距离数据传输的问题，产生的谐波由整流直流电源供电的隧道二极管放大，同时携带传感器的温度、湿度和二氧化碳浓度数据。该传感器节点的二次谐波输出功率约为- 14.75 dBm，即使注入射频功率低至- 20 dBm。可实现超过40米的室内通信场景，能耗仅为20.7兆焦耳。传感器节点在低射频功率采集场景中展示了未来物联网（IoT）应用的巨大潜力。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 工程技术-工程：电子与电气

CiteScore

8.60

自引率

18.60%

发文量

486

审稿时长

6 months

期刊介绍： The IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques focuses on that part of engineering and theory associated with microwave/millimeter-wave components, devices, circuits, and systems involving the generation, modulation, demodulation, control, transmission, and detection of microwave signals. This includes scientific, technical, and industrial, activities. Microwave theory and techniques relates to electromagnetic waves usually in the frequency region between a few MHz and a THz; other spectral regions and wave types are included within the scope of the Society whenever basic microwave theory and techniques can yield useful results. Generally, this occurs in the theory of wave propagation in structures with dimensions comparable to a wavelength, and in the related techniques for analysis and design.