Characteristic Symptoms and Associated Risk Factors of COVID-19 Reinfection in the Indonesian Community.

IF 0.6 4区 医学 Q4 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL
Yonago acta medica Pub Date : 2025-08-08 eCollection Date: 2025-08-01 DOI:10.33160/yam.2025.08.005
Arwinda Nugraheni, Anies, Ari Budi Himawan, Diah Rahayu Wulandari, Dea Amarilisa Adespin, Daisuke Son
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: The Coronavirus disease 2019 1 global pandemic is transmitted through respiratory droplets from infected people. We aim to determine the risk factors for COVID-19 reinfection, and the degree of its severity in patients reinfected with it.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study on COVID-19 reinfection in Semarang, Indonesia using the two-stage sampling technique. There were a total of 312 participants. We used logistic regression tests for multivariate analysis of reinfection risk associated with various factors. The study spanned from June 2022 to October 2022.

Results: We found that symptoms such as cough and sore throat, seen during first infection, often recurred during reinfection. The fixed multivariate result showed that males (OR 3.863; 95% CI 1.459-10.234; P = 0.007), persons having comorbidities (OR 2.382; 95% CI 1.025-5.536; P = 0.044), health workers (OR 32.881; 95% CI 3.120-346.566; P = 0.004) or non-health workers (OR 21.661; 95% CI 2.192-214.034; P = 0.008), persons with mild symptoms (OR 6.503; 95% CI 2.771-15.264; P < 0.001) or moderate symptoms (OR 43.408; 95% CI 5.963-315.980; P < 0.001) at first COVID-19 infection, persons displaying poor rule-following behavior (OR 4.162; 95% CI 1.569-11.037; P = 0.004) and having only a middle school education (OR 0.303; 95% CI 0.098-0.93; P = 0.037) were highly related parameters associated with COVID-19 reinfection.

Conclusion: Thus, we found that males having comorbidities, employed in public jobs (health and non-health workers), with mild or moderate severity during first infection, and displaying poor rule-following behavior hold the highest risk factors for COVID-19 reinfection. Interestingly, having at least a middle school education seems to be a protective factor against COVID-19 reinfection.

印度尼西亚社区COVID-19再感染的特征症状及相关危险因素
背景:2019冠状病毒病全球大流行是通过感染者的呼吸道飞沫传播的。我们的目的是确定COVID-19再感染的危险因素,以及再感染患者的严重程度。方法:采用两阶段抽样技术对印度尼西亚三宝垄市COVID-19再感染情况进行横断面研究。共有312名参与者。我们使用逻辑回归检验对与各种因素相关的再感染风险进行多因素分析。这项研究从2022年6月持续到2022年10月。结果:首次感染时出现的咳嗽、喉咙痛等症状在再次感染时经常复发。多因素固定结果显示,男性(OR 3.863;95% ci 1.459-10.234;P = 0.007),有合并症的人(OR 2.382;95% ci 1.025-5.536;P = 0.044),卫生工作者(OR 32.881;95% ci 3.120-346.566;P = 0.004)或非卫生工作者(or 21.661;95% ci 2.192-214.034;P = 0.008),症状轻微者(OR 6.503;95% ci 2.771-15.264;P < 0.001)或中度症状(or 43.408;95% ci 5.963-315.980;P < 0.001)首次感染COVID-19时,表现出不良遵守规则行为的人(OR 4.162;95% ci 1.569-11.037;P = 0.004),仅受过中学教育(OR 0.303;95% ci 0.098-0.93;P = 0.037)是与COVID-19再感染高度相关的参数。结论:有合并症、从事公共工作(卫生和非卫生工作者)、首次感染时病情轻或中度、行为不规范的男性是COVID-19再感染的高危因素。有趣的是,至少受过中学教育似乎是防止COVID-19再感染的保护因素。
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来源期刊
Yonago acta medica
Yonago acta medica MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL-
CiteScore
1.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
36
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Yonago Acta Medica (YAM) is an electronic journal specializing in medical sciences, published by Tottori University Medical Press, 86 Nishi-cho, Yonago 683-8503, Japan. The subject areas cover the following: molecular/cell biology; biochemistry; basic medicine; clinical medicine; veterinary medicine; clinical nutrition and food sciences; medical engineering; nursing sciences; laboratory medicine; clinical psychology; medical education. Basically, contributors are limited to members of Tottori University and Tottori University Hospital. Researchers outside the above-mentioned university community may also submit papers on the recommendation of a professor, an associate professor, or a junior associate professor at this university community. Articles are classified into four categories: review articles, original articles, patient reports, and short communications.
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