Evaluation of the safety profile of a metal-based nanosystem for developing antimicrobial polymer membranes in healthcare applications†

IF 4.6 3区 材料科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Piumika Yapa, Imalka Munaweera and Mayuri Geethanjalie Thammitiyagodage
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Abstract

Healthcare-associated infections remain a significant concern, driving the exploration of metal-based nanosystems as innovative solutions for developing antimicrobial polymer membranes. This study evaluates the toxicity of a novel nanofiber membrane reinforced with multimetallic silica nanohybrids, proposed as an advanced antimicrobial layer. Initially, silver (Ag), copper (Cu), and cobalt (Co) were doped into silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) via the sol–gel method. The trimetallic nanohybrid demonstrated superior antimicrobial activity compared to Ag-, Cu-, or Co-doped SiNPs alone, showing enhanced efficacy against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, as well as fungi, due to the synergistic action of the metals. Toxicity was assessed using zebrafish embryo assays (OECD 236) with concentrations ranging from 10.000 to 0.156 mg L−1. LC50 values were 2.05 mg L−1 (AgSiNPs), 5.53 mg L−1 (CuSiNPs), 9.99 mg L−1 (CoSiNPs), and 6.35 mg L−1 (trimetallic SiNPs). Based on these results, the trimetallic nanohybrid, which showed the lowest toxicity, was electrospun into a polymer membrane. Skin irritation was evaluated using the HET-CAM assay (ICCVAM protocol), yielding irritation scores of 13.33 ± 0.58 (Ag), 11.67 ± 0.58 (Cu), 1.00 ± 1.00 (Co), and 3.67 ± 0.58 (trimetallic), suggesting minimal irritation potential (p = 0.05). Franz diffusion cell analysis detected no Cu or Co, and only 0.26 mg L−1 of Ag after 24 hours, well below toxic thresholds. Statistical analysis (p < 0.05) confirmed the safety of the membrane, showing reduced toxicity and minimal metal nanohybrid diffusion. The multimetallic nanohybrid membrane is therefore considered safe as an antimicrobial polymer membrane in healthcare applications and recommends further in vivo evaluation.

Abstract Image

在医疗保健应用中开发抗菌聚合物膜的金属基纳米系统的安全性评估。
与医疗保健相关的感染仍然是一个重要的问题,推动了金属基纳米系统作为开发抗菌聚合物膜的创新解决方案的探索。本研究评估了一种新型多金属二氧化硅纳米杂化增强纳米纤维膜的毒性,该膜被认为是一种先进的抗菌层。最初,通过溶胶-凝胶法将银(Ag)、铜(Cu)和钴(Co)掺杂到二氧化硅纳米颗粒(SiNPs)中。与银、铜或共掺杂SiNPs单独相比,三金属纳米杂化物表现出更好的抗菌活性,由于金属的协同作用,对革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性细菌以及真菌的功效增强。使用斑马鱼胚胎试验(OECD 236)评估毒性,浓度范围为10,000至0.156 mg L-1。LC50值分别为2.05 mg L-1 (AgSiNPs)、5.53 mg L-1 (CuSiNPs)、9.99 mg L-1 (CoSiNPs)和6.35 mg L-1(三金属SiNPs)。基于这些结果,将毒性最低的三金属纳米杂化物电纺成聚合物膜。使用et - cam法(icccam方案)评估皮肤刺激,刺激评分为13.33±0.58 (Ag), 11.67±0.58 (Cu), 1.00±1.00 (Co)和3.67±0.58(三金属),提示刺激潜力极小(p = 0.05)。Franz扩散池分析未检测到Cu或Co, 24小时后仅检测到0.26 mg L-1 Ag,远低于毒性阈值。统计分析(p < 0.05)证实了膜的安全性,毒性降低,金属纳米杂化扩散最小。因此,多金属纳米杂化膜被认为是安全的抗菌聚合物膜,在医疗保健应用中,并建议进一步的体内评估。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Nanoscale Advances
Nanoscale Advances Multiple-
CiteScore
8.00
自引率
2.10%
发文量
461
审稿时长
9 weeks
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