{"title":"Regulation of B-cell development and differentiation by microRNAs during immune response and their implications in immunological disorders.","authors":"Urbi Roy, Sathees C Raghavan","doi":"10.1093/jimmun/vkaf203","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The transcriptional regulatory elements and epigenetic modifiers predominantly control the molecular pathways influencing the development of the immune system. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as a new class of immune system regulators, playing an indispensable role in the ontogenesis, differentiation, activation, and function of lymphoid cells. In this review, we discuss recent advances in our understanding of how miRNAs shape the adaptive arms of immunity, focusing primarily on B-cell lymphopoiesis, activation, and antibody diversification. We also review an additional mode of RAG regulation by miRNAs in a developmental stage-specific manner. Furthermore, we discuss the use of miRNAs as biomarkers in cancer, given their aberrant and unique expression profiles in solid and liquid tumors, as well as in autoimmune disorders. Gaining deeper insights into miRNA biology will open up novel targeted therapies against dysregulated miRNAs in immunological disorders in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":16045,"journal":{"name":"Journal of immunology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4000,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of immunology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jimmun/vkaf203","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"IMMUNOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The transcriptional regulatory elements and epigenetic modifiers predominantly control the molecular pathways influencing the development of the immune system. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as a new class of immune system regulators, playing an indispensable role in the ontogenesis, differentiation, activation, and function of lymphoid cells. In this review, we discuss recent advances in our understanding of how miRNAs shape the adaptive arms of immunity, focusing primarily on B-cell lymphopoiesis, activation, and antibody diversification. We also review an additional mode of RAG regulation by miRNAs in a developmental stage-specific manner. Furthermore, we discuss the use of miRNAs as biomarkers in cancer, given their aberrant and unique expression profiles in solid and liquid tumors, as well as in autoimmune disorders. Gaining deeper insights into miRNA biology will open up novel targeted therapies against dysregulated miRNAs in immunological disorders in the future.
期刊介绍：
The JI publishes novel, peer-reviewed findings in all areas of experimental immunology, including innate and adaptive immunity, inflammation, host defense, clinical immunology, autoimmunity and more. Special sections include Cutting Edge articles, Brief Reviews and Pillars of Immunology. The JI is published by The American Association of Immunologists (AAI)
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