Facial and mandibular asymmetries: Etiology, diagnosis, and therapeutic strategies mandibular asymmetry: narrative review

IF 2 4区医学 Q2 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Seminars in Orthodontics Pub Date : 2025-06-18 DOI:10.1053/j.sodo.2025.06.005

Andrea Erica Bono

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Mandibular asymmetry is a multifactorial condition with aesthetic and functional consequences, frequently found in orthodontic practice. This narrative review explores the genetic, developmental, environmental, and neuromuscular factors that contribute to facial and mandibular asymmetries. Multiple classification schemes are discussed, including tissue-based, morphological, and diagnostic severity criteria, as well as the importance of distinguishing true skeletal asymmetries from displacement asymmetries linked to temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders. Advanced imaging techniques, such as 3D photogrammetry, CBCT, MRI, and SPECT/CT, are highlighted for their role in diagnosis and treatment planning. Treatment modalities range from mini-implants to surgical approaches, such as orthognathic surgery and proportional condylectomy. By integrating current evidence, this review provides a comprehensive clinical framework for the evaluation and management of mandibular asymmetries aimed at achieving functional rehabilitation and facial harmony.

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面部和下颌不对称：病因、诊断和治疗策略：下颌不对称：叙述性回顾

下颌不对称是一个多因素的条件与审美和功能的后果，经常发现在正畸实践。这篇叙述性的综述探讨了遗传、发育、环境和神经肌肉因素对面部和下颌不对称的影响。本文讨论了多种分类方案，包括基于组织的、形态学的和诊断严重性标准，以及区分真正的骨骼不对称和与颞下颌关节（TMJ）疾病相关的移位不对称的重要性。先进的成像技术，如三维摄影测量、CBCT、MRI和SPECT/CT，因其在诊断和治疗计划中的作用而得到强调。治疗方式从微型植入物到手术方法，如正颌手术和比例髁突切除术。通过整合现有的证据，本综述为评估和治疗下颌不对称提供了一个全面的临床框架，旨在实现功能康复和面部和谐。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Seminars in Orthodontics DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE-

CiteScore

2.20

自引率

4.80%

发文量

审稿时长

10 days

期刊介绍： Each issue provides up-to-date, state-of-the-art information on a single topic in orthodontics. Readers are kept abreast of the latest innovations, research findings, clinical applications and clinical methods. Collection of the issues will provide invaluable reference material for present and future review.