Recovery of lithium from coal gangue, with an emphasis on lithium occurrence, roasting pretreatment and leaching

IF 5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Minerals Engineering Pub Date : 2025-08-14 DOI:10.1016/j.mineng.2025.109698

Manqing Ai , Wei Cheng , Zishuo Wang , Xiaofen Huang

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Extracting lithium (Li) from Li-rich coal gangue achieves benefits of ecological protection, resource efficiency enhancement, and industrial upgrading. Employing TOF-SIMS, ICP-OES and SCEP methods, this study investigated Li-rich coal gangue from Southwest Guizhou, China, revealing that Li primarily occurs in an adsorbed state within kaolinite. Based on this, a “calcination-NaCl leaching” process was designed for Li recovery and a Li leaching rate of 93.66 % was obtained under optimal conditions. Mechanistic analyses combining pore characteristics, thermodynamic analysis, XRD, and TG-DSC indicated that during calcination, kaolinite undergoes dehydroxylation, dissociating its layered structure and forming a highly active amorphous phase. Concurrently, organic components like carbon and sulfur are effectively removed, creating a porous structure. This structural reconstruction significantly enhances the interfacial reactivity between kaolinite and NaCl solution, promoting the efficient release of Li⁺ through ion exchange. The findings provide a scientific reference for the high-value utilization of Li in coal-based solid waste.

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从煤矸石中回收锂，重点研究了锂的赋存、焙烧预处理和浸出

从富锂煤矸石中提取锂，实现了生态保护、资源效率提升和产业升级的效益。采用TOF-SIMS、ICP-OES和SCEP等方法对黔西南富锂煤矸石进行了研究，发现锂主要以吸附态存在于高岭石中。在此基础上，设计了“煅烧- nacl浸出”工艺回收锂，在最佳条件下，锂的浸出率为93.66%。结合孔隙特征、热力学分析、XRD和TG-DSC的机理分析表明，在煅烧过程中，高岭石发生了脱羟基作用，使其层状结构解离，形成了高活性的非晶态相。同时，碳和硫等有机成分被有效地去除，形成多孔结构。这种结构重构显著增强了高岭石与NaCl溶液之间的界面反应性，促进了Li+通过离子交换有效释放。研究结果为煤基固体废弃物中锂的高价值利用提供了科学参考。

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来源期刊

Minerals Engineering 工程技术-工程：化工

CiteScore

8.70

自引率

18.80%

发文量

519

审稿时长

81 days

期刊介绍： The purpose of the journal is to provide for the rapid publication of topical papers featuring the latest developments in the allied fields of mineral processing and extractive metallurgy. Its wide ranging coverage of research and practical (operating) topics includes physical separation methods, such as comminution, flotation concentration and dewatering, chemical methods such as bio-, hydro-, and electro-metallurgy, analytical techniques, process control, simulation and instrumentation, and mineralogical aspects of processing. Environmental issues, particularly those pertaining to sustainable development, will also be strongly covered.