Endothelial Glycocalyx in Cerebral Infarction After Endovascular Treatment in Patients With Intracranial Artery Stenosis

Abstract

Objective

To examine whether plasma glycocalyx levels in patients with severe intracranial arterial stenosis (ICAS) are associated with the prediction of new cerebral infarctions following endovascular treatment.

Methods

105 patients with ICAS who underwent endovascular treatment were enrolled from September 2020 to June 2021. Plasma glycocalyx components were detected. The condition of the cerebral artery was obtained by high-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance, and risk factors for new cerebral infarction postendovascular treatment in patients with ICAS were analyzed using both univariate and multivariate analyses. The results were presented in a nomogram risk model and evaluated.

Results

The plasma glycocalyx in patients with ICAS exhibited significant differences compared to healthy individuals (p < 0.05). Multivariate analysis revealed eccentricity (OR = 3.599, 95% CI: 1.168–12.478, p = 0.032) and hyaluronic acid (OR = 5.542, 95% CI: 1.545–23.573, p = 0.013) as risk factors (p < 0.05). The risk model encompassing eccentricity, Remodeling index, blood glucose, hyaluronic acid (HA), and age was presented as a Nomogram, with a C-index of 0.810 (95% CI, 0.729–0.890). To further analyze the risk factors affecting HA plasma concentration, the multivariate analysis showed that fibrinogen and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1C) significantly affected changes in HA.

Conclusion

We found that HA is a critical factor in predicting adverse events of cerebral infarction after endovascular treatment in patients with ICAS. Additionally, HbA1C and fibrinogen were identified as factors influencing HA changes.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01994161