The effects of confidence consistency and delay on perceptions of eyewitness credibility

IF 1.9 2区 社会学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY
Daniella K. Cash, Megan H. Papesh, Tiffany D. Russell, Alan T. Harrison
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Purpose

Abundant research has explored the conditions under which eyewitnesses are likely to identify guilty versus innocent suspects. Research suggests there is a relationship between witness confidence and accuracy, such that confident witnesses tend to be accurate, and this relationship can persist even across delays between witnessed events and identification procedures. Emerging research suggests that witnesses' metacognitive evaluations made prior to identification procedures are also diagnostic of accuracy. These findings about eyewitness memory are valuable, but it is unclear how these factors are evaluated when assessing witness confidence and accuracy.

Method

Two studies using a mock-officer paradigm examined how perceptions of witness confidence and accuracy are affected by variations in confidence both before and after identifications (Experiments 1 and 2), and the delay between the crime and the identification (Experiment 2).

Results and Conclusion

Although high confidence at either time increased perceived confidence and accuracy, longer delays between the event and identification procedure lowered ratings of perceived confidence and accuracy.

Abstract Image

Abstract Image

Abstract Image

信心、一致性和延迟对目击证人可信度感知的影响
目的大量的研究探讨了目击证人可能识别有罪与无罪嫌疑人的条件。研究表明,证人的信心和准确性之间存在关系,例如,自信的证人往往是准确的,这种关系甚至可以在目击事件和识别程序之间的延迟中持续存在。新兴的研究表明,证人在识别程序之前做出的元认知评估也是对准确性的诊断。这些关于目击者记忆的发现是有价值的,但在评估证人的信心和准确性时,这些因素是如何评估的尚不清楚。方法两项采用模拟警官范式的研究考察了证人在指认前后的信心变化(实验1和2)以及犯罪与指认之间的延迟(实验2)对证人信心和准确性的感知的影响。结果和结论尽管在任何一个时间点上的高自信都能提高感知的自信和准确性,但在事件和识别过程之间的较长延迟会降低感知的自信和准确性。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.00
自引率
4.30%
发文量
31
期刊介绍: Legal and Criminological Psychology publishes original papers in all areas of psychology and law: - victimology - policing and crime detection - crime prevention - management of offenders - mental health and the law - public attitudes to law - role of the expert witness - impact of law on behaviour - interviewing and eyewitness testimony - jury decision making - deception The journal publishes papers which advance professional and scientific knowledge defined broadly as the application of psychology to law and interdisciplinary enquiry in legal and psychological fields.
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