Progress in the study of electric giant resonances over the last five decades

IF 2.8 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, NUCLEAR

The European Physical Journal A Pub Date : 2025-08-12 DOI:10.1140/epja/s10050-025-01660-z

Muhsin N. Harakeh

{"title":"Progress in the study of electric giant resonances over the last five decades","authors":"Muhsin N. Harakeh","doi":"10.1140/epja/s10050-025-01660-z","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>A rich spectrum of giant resonances of different multipolarities and spin and isospin structure was expected on theoretical grounds. In the nineteen seventies, the isoscalar giant quadrupole resonance (ISGQR) was discovered in electron scattering followed by the isoscalar giant monopole resonance (ISGMR) in inelastic α scattering. In the last 5 decades, the compression modes the ISGMR and isoscalar giant dipole resonance (ISGDR) were extensively studied because of their importance for the determination of the nuclear-matter incompressibility and consequently their implications for the equation of state (EOS) of nuclear matter. Though the nuclear matter incompressibility (K∞) has been reasonably well determined (~ 240 ± 20 MeV) through comparison of experimental results on several spherical nuclei with microscopic calculations, the asymmetry term was determined with larger uncertainty. This has been addressed in measurements on a series of stable Sn and Cd isotopes, which resulted in a value of Kτ = − 550 ± 100 MeV for the asymmetry term in the nuclear incompressibility. The nuclear matter incompressibility and the asymmetry term are key parameters of the equation of state (EOS) of nuclear matter.</div>","PeriodicalId":786,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal A","volume":"61 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8000,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epja/s10050-025-01660-z.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"The European Physical Journal A","FirstCategoryId":"4","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1140/epja/s10050-025-01660-z","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"PHYSICS, NUCLEAR","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

A rich spectrum of giant resonances of different multipolarities and spin and isospin structure was expected on theoretical grounds. In the nineteen seventies, the isoscalar giant quadrupole resonance (ISGQR) was discovered in electron scattering followed by the isoscalar giant monopole resonance (ISGMR) in inelastic α scattering. In the last 5 decades, the compression modes the ISGMR and isoscalar giant dipole resonance (ISGDR) were extensively studied because of their importance for the determination of the nuclear-matter incompressibility and consequently their implications for the equation of state (EOS) of nuclear matter. Though the nuclear matter incompressibility (K_∞) has been reasonably well determined (~ 240 ± 20 MeV) through comparison of experimental results on several spherical nuclei with microscopic calculations, the asymmetry term was determined with larger uncertainty. This has been addressed in measurements on a series of stable Sn and Cd isotopes, which resulted in a value of K_τ = − 550 ± 100 MeV for the asymmetry term in the nuclear incompressibility. The nuclear matter incompressibility and the asymmetry term are key parameters of the equation of state (EOS) of nuclear matter.

查看原文本刊更多论文

近五十年来电巨共振研究的进展

不同多极化、自旋和同位旋结构的巨共振的丰富谱在理论基础上被期望。20世纪70年代，在电子散射中发现了等标量巨四极共振（ISGQR），随后在非弹性α散射中发现了等标量巨单极共振（ISGMR）。近50年来，由于压缩模式ISGMR和等标量巨偶极子共振（ISGDR）对确定核物质不可压缩性及其对核物质状态方程（EOS）的影响的重要性，对它们进行了广泛的研究。虽然通过对几个球形核的实验结果与微观计算的比较，已经比较好地确定了核物质的不可压缩性（K∞）（~ 240±20 MeV），但不对称项的确定具有较大的不确定性。这在一系列稳定的Sn和Cd同位素的测量中得到了解决，结果表明核不可压缩性中的不对称项的Kτ =−550±100 MeV。核物质的不可压缩性和不对称项是核物质状态方程的关键参数。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

The European Physical Journal A 物理-物理：核物理

CiteScore

5.00

自引率

18.50%

发文量

216

审稿时长

3-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Hadron Physics Hadron Structure Hadron Spectroscopy Hadronic and Electroweak Interactions of Hadrons Nonperturbative Approaches to QCD Phenomenological Approaches to Hadron Physics Nuclear and Quark Matter Heavy-Ion Collisions Phase Diagram of the Strong Interaction Hard Probes Quark-Gluon Plasma and Hadronic Matter Relativistic Transport and Hydrodynamics Compact Stars Nuclear Physics Nuclear Structure and Reactions Few-Body Systems Radioactive Beams Electroweak Interactions Nuclear Astrophysics Article Categories Letters (Open Access) Regular Articles New Tools and Techniques Reviews.