Knowledge and perception of forensic science among junior police officers in Ghana

Abstract

Forensic science is crucial in criminal justice administration, and relies on the contributions of law enforcement for its successful implementation. Global reports suggests that knowledge and perception significantly influence the use of forensic techniques by these agencies. In many developing countries like Ghana, where forensic expertise is limited, police officers often serve as first responders as well as crime scene managers. This study evaluated the knowledge and perception of forensic science among junior police officers through a cross-sectional survey using self-administered questionnaires. Responses were gathered from 180 junior police officers who were randomly selected from the Ashanti region. The findings indicated that only 14 % of the police officers had received formal forensic education, while 37 % have participated in training in forensic science. Furthermore, 54 % of the officers indicated that they have never employed any forensic procedures in their work. However, majority of the officers (99 %) had positive perception of forensic science, and advocated for enhanced training opportunities. The study also revealed that years of service, educational qualification, and unit affiliation significantly impacted the officers’ knowledge of forensic science. Additionally, the practical application of forensic science was found to play a vital role in shaping their perceptions of the field. The findings indicate that despite the low levels of formal education and training, majority of junior police officers in Ghana, view forensic science positively. It is therefore recommended that officers who also serve as crime scene investigators are offered opportunities for continuous education and training in forensic science.