Characteristics and trends of antibiotic resistance in several gram-negative bacteria responsible for pneumonia in intensive care patients in Northern Vietnam, 2022-2024

IF 1.7 Q4 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

IJID regions Pub Date : 2025-07-18 DOI:10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100709

Nguyen Quoc Phuong , Pham Ngoc Thach , Tran Van Giang

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Abstract

Objectives

This study aimed to describe the features and trends in antibiotic resistance among gram-negative bacteria in pneumonia patients receiving intensive care in Northern Vietnam.

Methods

Specimens were obtained from 222 patients in 2022-2024 and thereafter used for bacterial identification and antibiotic tests.

Results

A total of 250 strains were identified from 222 specimens, including Acinetobacter baumannii (32.8%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (23.6%), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (20.4%). Antibiotic sensitivity was higher in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) than in hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP). In CAP, the antibiotic sensitivity of K. pneumoniae was 36.4-90.9%, P. aeruginosa was 22.2-44.4%, and A. baumannii was 0-33.3%. However, in HAP, sensitivity decreased to 15.0-47.5%, 5.6-20.0%, and 1.9-12.9%, respectively. Three gram-negative bacteria in CAP showed lower resistance than HAP. Antibiotic resistance trends for A. baumannii and K. pneumoniae were steady, whereas P. aeruginosa rose to 20.4% in 2023 and 7.6% in 2024.

Conclusions

Gram-negative bacteria were responsible for a significant proportion of pneumonia cases in intensive care patients. Antibiotic resistance in bacteria was lower in CAP than in HAP. The trend of developing antibiotic resistance in A. baumannii and K. pneumoniae remained stable, but P. aeruginosa rose from 2022 to 2024.

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2022-2024年越南北部重症监护患者中几种导致肺炎的革兰氏阴性菌的耐药性特征和趋势

目的了解越南北部重症监护肺炎患者革兰氏阴性菌的耐药性特征和趋势。方法2022-2024年对222例患者采集标本，进行细菌鉴定和抗生素试验。结果222份标本共检出菌株250株，其中鲍曼不动杆菌（32.8%）、铜绿假单胞菌（23.6%）和肺炎克雷伯菌（20.4%）。社区获得性肺炎（CAP）的抗生素敏感性高于医院获得性肺炎（HAP）。CAP中肺炎克雷伯菌的敏感性为36.4 ~ 90.9%，铜绿假单胞菌的敏感性为22.2 ~ 44.4%，鲍曼假单胞菌的敏感性为0 ~ 33.3%。然而，在HAP中，敏感性分别下降到15.0-47.5%,5.6-20.0%和1.9-12.9%。CAP中有3种革兰氏阴性菌的耐药性低于HAP。鲍曼不动杆菌和肺炎克雷伯菌的耐药性趋势稳定，铜绿假单胞菌的耐药性在2023年和2024年分别上升至20.4%和7.6%。结论革兰氏阴性菌在重症监护患者肺炎病例中占很大比例。细菌耐药性在CAP组低于HAP组。鲍曼不动杆菌和肺炎克雷伯菌的耐药趋势保持稳定，铜绿假单胞菌的耐药趋势从2022年到2024年有所上升。

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