Mitigating salt stress in Lens culinaris: The protective mechanism of Rhizobium in enhancing growth, photosynthesis, and antioxidant defense system

IF 6.8 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES
Rinkee Kumari , Ekta Pandey , Shahla Faizan , Ahlam Khalofah , Mohammad Faizan
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Agricultural soil contamination, particularly salinization, poses a significant and growing threat to global crop productivity, thereby necessitating the development of sustainable strategies to mitigate its adverse effects. This study investigates the potential of Rhizobium inoculation to alleviate the detrimental impact of salinity stress on Lens culinaris. Rhizobium plays a crucial role in legume development through symbiotic nitrogen fixation and may also enhance plant growth under stress conditions by engaging in complex biochemical interactions. However, research on its ability to activate abiotic stress signaling pathways and induce physiological changes in plants remains limited. To address this, L. culinaris plants were subjected to varying concentrations of NaCl (50 mM and 150 mM) at 20 days post-germination, with and without Rhizobium inoculation. For inoculation, 100 g of jaggery or sugar was dissolved in 500 ml of water, boiled, cooled, and then used to mix the Rhizobium culture. This mixture was used to coat lentil seeds, which were air-dried in the shade before sowing. Salt stress significantly reduced plant growth, physiological parameters, and yield. In contrast, Rhizobium inoculation improved reactive oxygen species (ROS) balance and enhanced the activities of key antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD) by 21.0 %, catalase (CAT) by 11.34 %, and peroxidase (POD) by 10.43 %. Additionally, photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content were increased by 10.08 %, stomatal conductance was improved, and leghemoglobin content rose by 15.90 %. Protein and proline levels were elevated by 18.31 % and 32.57 %, respectively. Moreover, membrane stability was enhanced, sodium accumulation was reduced, and overall yield and stomatal behavior were optimized under saline conditions. Rhizobium inoculation also directly supported ACC deaminase (ACCD) activity and increased indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production in both plant tissues and bacterial isolates. These findings underscore the potential of Rhizobium in mitigating salt-induced damage in L. culinaris by modulating antioxidant enzyme systems, enhancing photosynthetic performance, and promoting redox homeostasis.
缓解盐胁迫:根瘤菌促进植物生长、光合作用和抗氧化防御系统的保护机制
农业土壤污染,特别是盐碱化,对全球作物生产力构成重大和日益严重的威胁,因此有必要制定可持续战略以减轻其不利影响。本研究探讨了接种根瘤菌减轻盐胁迫对鸡眼的不利影响的潜力。根瘤菌通过共生固氮在豆科植物的发育中起着至关重要的作用,也可能通过参与复杂的生化相互作用来促进逆境条件下植物的生长。然而,对其激活非生物胁迫信号通路和诱导植物生理变化能力的研究仍然有限。为了解决这个问题,在萌发后20天,在接种和不接种根瘤菌的情况下,对L. culinaris植株进行了不同浓度的NaCl (50 mM和150 mM)处理。接种时,取100 g砂糖或白糖溶于500 ml水中,煮沸、冷却后混合根瘤菌培养物。这种混合物被用来包裹小扁豆种子,小扁豆种子在播种前在阴凉处风干。盐胁迫显著降低了植物的生长、生理参数和产量。接种根瘤菌改善了活性氧(ROS)平衡,并使关键抗氧化酶(超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性分别提高21.0%、11.34%和10.43%。光合速率和叶绿素含量提高10.08%,气孔导度提高,血红蛋白含量提高15.90%。蛋白质和脯氨酸水平分别升高18.31%和32.57%。此外,在盐渍条件下,膜稳定性增强,钠积累减少,总体产量和气孔行为优化。接种根瘤菌还能直接促进植物组织和分离菌中ACC脱氨酶(ACCD)活性和吲哚-3-乙酸(IAA)产量的增加。这些发现强调了根瘤菌通过调节抗氧化酶系统、提高光合性能和促进氧化还原稳态来减轻盐对L. culinaris的伤害的潜力。
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来源期刊
Plant Stress
Plant Stress PLANT SCIENCES-
CiteScore
5.20
自引率
8.00%
发文量
76
审稿时长
63 days
期刊介绍: The journal Plant Stress deals with plant (or other photoautotrophs, such as algae, cyanobacteria and lichens) responses to abiotic and biotic stress factors that can result in limited growth and productivity. Such responses can be analyzed and described at a physiological, biochemical and molecular level. Experimental approaches/technologies aiming to improve growth and productivity with a potential for downstream validation under stress conditions will also be considered. Both fundamental and applied research manuscripts are welcome, provided that clear mechanistic hypotheses are made and descriptive approaches are avoided. In addition, high-quality review articles will also be considered, provided they follow a critical approach and stimulate thought for future research avenues. Plant Stress welcomes high-quality manuscripts related (but not limited) to interactions between plants and: Lack of water (drought) and excess (flooding), Salinity stress, Elevated temperature and/or low temperature (chilling and freezing), Hypoxia and/or anoxia, Mineral nutrient excess and/or deficiency, Heavy metals and/or metalloids, Plant priming (chemical, biological, physiological, nanomaterial, biostimulant) approaches for improved stress protection, Viral, phytoplasma, bacterial and fungal plant-pathogen interactions. The journal welcomes basic and applied research articles, as well as review articles and short communications. All submitted manuscripts will be subject to a thorough peer-reviewing process.
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