{"title":"A level shifting correlated multiple sampling circuit for low-noise CMOS image sensor","authors":"Ziwen Wang , Jing Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.mejo.2025.106843","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents a low noise level shifting correlated multiple sampling (LSCMS) circuit, which consists of PGA based on correlated level shifting (CLS) and improved CMS. The CLS technique is employed in PGA, which divides the holding state of PGA into evaluation and shifting state by a level-shifting capacitor. The output signal is first stored by the shifting capacitor during the evaluation phase, and is removed from the amplifier's output during the shifting phase, which makes the equivalent input voltage approach the ideal virtual ground. Thus, the error from finite opamp gain is reduced and signal accuracy is improved. In improved CMS, the reset signal and exposure signal of pixel are differentially processed through capacitor flipping, which reduces the readout time and the number of capacitors by 12.5 %. Furthermore, the high accuracy buffer is employed in the CMS, which decreases noise and improves signal accuracy. The simulation results show that the LSCMS circuit achieves an input-referred random noise of 64.8μV<sub>rms</sub>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49818,"journal":{"name":"Microelectronics Journal","volume":"165 ","pages":"Article 106843"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9000,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Microelectronics Journal","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1879239125002929","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
This paper presents a low noise level shifting correlated multiple sampling (LSCMS) circuit, which consists of PGA based on correlated level shifting (CLS) and improved CMS. The CLS technique is employed in PGA, which divides the holding state of PGA into evaluation and shifting state by a level-shifting capacitor. The output signal is first stored by the shifting capacitor during the evaluation phase, and is removed from the amplifier's output during the shifting phase, which makes the equivalent input voltage approach the ideal virtual ground. Thus, the error from finite opamp gain is reduced and signal accuracy is improved. In improved CMS, the reset signal and exposure signal of pixel are differentially processed through capacitor flipping, which reduces the readout time and the number of capacitors by 12.5 %. Furthermore, the high accuracy buffer is employed in the CMS, which decreases noise and improves signal accuracy. The simulation results show that the LSCMS circuit achieves an input-referred random noise of 64.8μVrms.
期刊介绍:
Published since 1969, the Microelectronics Journal is an international forum for the dissemination of research and applications of microelectronic systems, circuits, and emerging technologies. Papers published in the Microelectronics Journal have undergone peer review to ensure originality, relevance, and timeliness. The journal thus provides a worldwide, regular, and comprehensive update on microelectronic circuits and systems.
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