Dual and multiple exposures to metal oxide nanomaterials: Unveiling histological and oxidative stress dynamics in Mytilus galloprovincialis

IF 4.2 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental toxicology and pharmacology Pub Date : 2025-08-09 DOI:10.1016/j.etap.2025.104785

Selin Ertürk Gürkan , Mert Gürkan , Elif Kutlu , Ece Büşra Yanik , Volkan Saritunç , Berkay Güneş

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Abstract

Due to their increasing industrial applications, metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) have emerged as significant environmental pollutants with potential ecotoxicological effects on aquatic organisms. This study evaluated the acute effects of binary and ternary mixtures of ZnFe₂O₄ (10 mg/L), SiO₂ (10 mg/L), and NiO (100 mg/L) NPs on Mytilus galloprovincialis. Following 96-hour exposures, oxidative stress biomarkers (SOD, CAT, GST, MDA) and histopathological alterations were assessed in gill and digestive gland tissues. Notably, the ternary mixture induced significant elevations in MDA levels. Among binary combinations, SiO₂–NiO NPs enhanced antioxidant responses, whereas NiO–ZnFe₂O₄ NPs caused pronounced tissue damage. The results underscore that NPs in the environment may not act independently but rather interact additively or synergistically, thereby amplifying their toxic potential. These findings highlight the need to consider mixture effects in ecotoxicological risk assessments, reflecting the complex and multicomponent nature of nanoparticle pollution in real-world aquatic environments.

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双重和多重暴露于金属氧化物纳米材料：揭示紫贻贝的组织学和氧化应激动力学。

金属氧化物纳米颗粒（NPs）的工业应用日益广泛，已成为一种重要的环境污染物，对水生生物具有潜在的生态毒理学效应。本研究评价了ZnFe₂O₄（10mg/L）、SiO₂（10mg/L）和NiO (100mg/L) NPs二元和三元混合物对紫贻贝（Mytilus galloprovincialis）的急性效应。暴露96小时后，对鳃和消化腺组织的氧化应激生物标志物（SOD、CAT、GST、MDA）和组织病理学改变进行评估。值得注意的是，三元混合物诱导MDA水平显著升高。在二元组合中，SiO₂-NiO NPs增强了抗氧化反应，而NiO-ZnFe₂O₄NPs则引起明显的组织损伤。结果强调，环境中的NPs可能不是独立作用，而是相互作用或协同作用，从而放大其毒性潜力。这些发现强调了在生态毒理学风险评估中考虑混合效应的必要性，反映了现实水环境中纳米颗粒污染的复杂性和多组分性质。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Environmental toxicology and pharmacology 医学-毒理学

CiteScore

7.00

自引率

4.70%

发文量

185

审稿时长

34 days

期刊介绍： Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology publishes the results of studies concerning toxic and pharmacological effects of (human and veterinary) drugs and of environmental contaminants in animals and man. Areas of special interest are: molecular mechanisms of toxicity, biotransformation and toxicokinetics (including toxicokinetic modelling), molecular, biochemical and physiological mechanisms explaining differences in sensitivity between species and individuals, the characterisation of pathophysiological models and mechanisms involved in the development of effects and the identification of biological markers that can be used to study exposure and effects in man and animals. In addition to full length papers, short communications, full-length reviews and mini-reviews, Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology will publish in depth assessments of special problem areas. The latter publications may exceed the length of a full length paper three to fourfold. A basic requirement is that the assessments are made under the auspices of international groups of leading experts in the fields concerned. The information examined may either consist of data that were already published, or of new data that were obtained within the framework of collaborative research programmes. Provision is also made for the acceptance of minireviews on (classes of) compounds, toxicities or mechanisms, debating recent advances in rapidly developing fields that fall within the scope of the journal.