Assessment of PM2.5 deposition in the human respiratory tract from a hyperlocal dataset in Bhubaneshwar, India

IF 2.9 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Sneha Mahalingam, Babu Priyadharshini, A. Asutosh, Monalin Mishra
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Abstract

Air pollution is a leading environmental health risk in India, contributing to disease burden and mortality. Effective mitigation measures require high-resolution monitoring. This study leverages hyperlocal air quality data from 21 low-cost sensor (LCS) stations in Bhubaneswar (March 2023–February 2024) to assess spatiotemporal variations in PM2.5. Additionally, the Multiple-Path Particle Dosimetry (MPPD) model was used to quantify wintertime PM2.5 deposition in the human respiratory tract across seven age groups. PM2.5 exhibited strong seasonal variation, peaking in winter and remaining elevated in post-monsoon. Persistent high-pollution regions, including Rasulgarh, Dumduma, Nandan Vihar, Patarapada experienced consistently high concentrations due to vehicular emissions, industrial activities, and biomass burning, emerging as persistent high-pollution regions necessitating year-round mitigation. Seasonal pollution hotspots - Kesora, Niladri Vihar, Sailashree Vihar experienced episodic PM2.5 spikes exceeding 20% of seasonal means, requiring targeted interventions. Dosimetry analysis revealed age-specific deposition patterns: infants and toddlers retained the highest PM2.5 in the head and tracheobronchial regions, increasing their risk of upper respiratory conditions, while children had the highest pulmonary deposition, posing long-term respiratory risks. Adults (> 49 years) exhibited lower pulmonary deposition but remained vulnerable to cumulative exposure effects. Lobar analysis showed predominant PM2.5 accumulation in the lower lung lobes across all age groups, with infants experiencing the highest deposition due to smaller airway diameters. These findings highlight the pressing need for targeted air pollution mitigation strategies in high-risk regions and among vulnerable populations to minimize long-term health impacts in the city.

Abstract Image

Abstract Image

来自印度布巴内什瓦尔超局部数据集的PM2.5在人呼吸道中的沉积评估
空气污染是印度主要的环境健康风险,造成疾病负担和死亡率。有效的缓解措施需要高分辨率监测。本研究利用布巴内斯瓦尔21个低成本传感器(LCS)站(2023年3月至2024年2月)的超局部空气质量数据来评估PM2.5的时空变化。此外,多路径颗粒剂量学(MPPD)模型用于量化七个年龄组冬季PM2.5在人类呼吸道中的沉积。PM2.5表现出较强的季节变化,冬季达到峰值,季风后持续升高。由于车辆排放、工业活动和生物质燃烧,持续高污染地区,包括Rasulgarh、Dumduma、Nandan Vihar、Patarapada等持续高污染地区的浓度一直很高,成为持续高污染地区,需要全年进行缓解。季节性污染热点地区——Kesora、Niladri Vihar、Sailashree Vihar的PM2.5峰值超过了季节性均值的20%,需要有针对性的干预措施。剂量学分析揭示了年龄特异性的沉积模式:婴幼儿头部和气管支气管区域的PM2.5最高,增加了他们患上呼吸道疾病的风险,而儿童的肺部沉积最高,构成长期呼吸风险。成人(49岁)表现出较低的肺沉积,但仍然容易受到累积暴露效应的影响。肺叶分析显示,PM2.5主要积聚在下肺叶,在所有年龄组中,由于气道直径较小,婴儿的沉积量最高。这些发现突出表明,迫切需要在高风险地区和脆弱人群中制定有针对性的空气污染缓解战略,以尽量减少对城市健康的长期影响。
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来源期刊
Air Quality Atmosphere and Health
Air Quality Atmosphere and Health ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES-
CiteScore
8.80
自引率
2.00%
发文量
146
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Air Quality, Atmosphere, and Health is a multidisciplinary journal which, by its very name, illustrates the broad range of work it publishes and which focuses on atmospheric consequences of human activities and their implications for human and ecological health. It offers research papers, critical literature reviews and commentaries, as well as special issues devoted to topical subjects or themes. International in scope, the journal presents papers that inform and stimulate a global readership, as the topic addressed are global in their import. Consequently, we do not encourage submission of papers involving local data that relate to local problems. Unless they demonstrate wide applicability, these are better submitted to national or regional journals. Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health addresses such topics as acid precipitation; airborne particulate matter; air quality monitoring and management; exposure assessment; risk assessment; indoor air quality; atmospheric chemistry; atmospheric modeling and prediction; air pollution climatology; climate change and air quality; air pollution measurement; atmospheric impact assessment; forest-fire emissions; atmospheric science; greenhouse gases; health and ecological effects; clean air technology; regional and global change and satellite measurements. This journal benefits a diverse audience of researchers, public health officials and policy makers addressing problems that call for solutions based in evidence from atmospheric and exposure assessment scientists, epidemiologists, and risk assessors. Publication in the journal affords the opportunity to reach beyond defined disciplinary niches to this broader readership.
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