[Coronary Angioplasty among Women in Morocco].

Abstract

Introduction: Data on coronary artery disease in women in the Maghreb remain scarce, particularly regarding the angiographic profile and procedural success of percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI). This study aimed to characterize the clinical and angiographic features of female patients undergoing PCI in a Moroccan center and to identify factors associated with incomplete revascularization.

Methods: This was a prospective observational study conducted between January and April 2025 in a cardiology center in Nador, Morocco. All female patients who underwent PCI during the study period were included. Clinical, angiographic, and procedural data were collected prospectively. Logistic regression analyses were performed to assess factors associated with incomplete revascularization.

Results: A total of 50 female patients were included (mean age: 69.9 ± 8.7 years). The prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors was high: 72% had diabetes, 74% had hypertension, and all were physically inactive. The most frequent indication for PCI was acute coronary syndrome (36%), followed by stable angina (32%). The median SYNTAX score was 7 [IQR: 4-16.25]. Complete revascularization was achieved in 72% of cases. In univariate analysis, incomplete revascularization was significantly associated with age >75 years (p = 0.03), higher SYNTAX score (median 12 vs. 6; p < 0.001), multivessel intervention (p = 0.001), severe coronary calcification (p < 0.001), and longer total stent length (p = 0.002). In multivariate analysis, only SYNTAX score (OR = 1.27; p < 0.05) and severe calcification (OR = 32.2; p < 0.05) remained independent predictors of incomplete revascularization.

Conclusion: This study highlights the distinctive clinical and angiographic profile of Moroccan women undergoing PCI, characterized by advanced age, a high burden of diabetes, and frequent calcified lesions. SYNTAX score and severe calcification emerged as the main predictors of incomplete revascularization in this cohort.