{"title":"Poloxamer-based hydrogel with EGCG and rhEGF for diabetic foot ulcer treatment","authors":"Ahe Mo Se, Linwei Li, Mengting Yu","doi":"10.1007/s10856-025-06917-z","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A thermosensitive hydrogel dressing was developed for the healing of diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) using <i>Epigallocatechin gallate</i> (EGCG) and recombinant human epidermal growth factor (rhEGF). Hyaluronic acid (HA), poloxamer 407 (P407), and pectin (PE) were used to form the sol-gel transition matrix, which exhibited a sol-to-gel transition around 30 °C. The hydrogel was physiologically stable. Structural and morphological characterization using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirmed the efficient incorporation of EGCG and rhEGF in a porous nanoarchitecture. Rheological analysis showed the storage modulus is quite constant over the frequency range (0.01–10 Hz), and compression analysis showed a compressive strength of 40.85 kPa, ensuring mechanical appropriateness for various wound conditions. This hydrogel had a water content of 76.64% and a water vapor transmission rate of 6011.44 g/m<sup>2</sup>/day, favorable to maintain a moist wound surface. Antibacterial tests showed inhibition rates of 73.53% against <i>Escherichia coli</i> and 75.37% against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>. In vitro with RAW 264.7 macrophages and L929 fibroblasts showed >90% cell survival, increased migration with 92.53% wound closure by 48 h, strong antioxidant activity, and considerable decrease in TNF-α and IL-6 (pro-inflammatory cytokines). Combining a natural antioxidant and bioactive protein within a responsive hydrogel matrix presented a synergistic solution, holding significant promise for enhancing diabetic wound healing by antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and regenerative processes.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div><div><p>The fabrication of the EGCG-rhEGF@HA-P407-PE hydrogel, an advanced wound dressing designed for diabetic foot ulcers</p></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":647,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5000,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10856-025-06917-z.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10856-025-06917-z","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
A thermosensitive hydrogel dressing was developed for the healing of diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) using Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and recombinant human epidermal growth factor (rhEGF). Hyaluronic acid (HA), poloxamer 407 (P407), and pectin (PE) were used to form the sol-gel transition matrix, which exhibited a sol-to-gel transition around 30 °C. The hydrogel was physiologically stable. Structural and morphological characterization using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirmed the efficient incorporation of EGCG and rhEGF in a porous nanoarchitecture. Rheological analysis showed the storage modulus is quite constant over the frequency range (0.01–10 Hz), and compression analysis showed a compressive strength of 40.85 kPa, ensuring mechanical appropriateness for various wound conditions. This hydrogel had a water content of 76.64% and a water vapor transmission rate of 6011.44 g/m2/day, favorable to maintain a moist wound surface. Antibacterial tests showed inhibition rates of 73.53% against Escherichia coli and 75.37% against Staphylococcus aureus. In vitro with RAW 264.7 macrophages and L929 fibroblasts showed >90% cell survival, increased migration with 92.53% wound closure by 48 h, strong antioxidant activity, and considerable decrease in TNF-α and IL-6 (pro-inflammatory cytokines). Combining a natural antioxidant and bioactive protein within a responsive hydrogel matrix presented a synergistic solution, holding significant promise for enhancing diabetic wound healing by antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and regenerative processes.
Graphical Abstract
The fabrication of the EGCG-rhEGF@HA-P407-PE hydrogel, an advanced wound dressing designed for diabetic foot ulcers
期刊介绍：
The Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine publishes refereed papers providing significant progress in the application of biomaterials and tissue engineering constructs as medical or dental implants, prostheses and devices. Coverage spans a wide range of topics from basic science to clinical applications, around the theme of materials in medicine and dentistry. The central element is the development of synthetic and natural materials used in orthopaedic, maxillofacial, cardiovascular, neurological, ophthalmic and dental applications. Special biomedical topics include biomaterial synthesis and characterisation, biocompatibility studies, nanomedicine, tissue engineering constructs and cell substrates, regenerative medicine, computer modelling and other advanced experimental methodologies.
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