Dynamics of a granular asteroid after a subsonic DART-like impact

IF 3 2区物理与天体物理 Q2 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS

Icarus Pub Date : 2025-08-05 DOI:10.1016/j.icarus.2025.116741

Paul Sánchez , Daniel J. Scheeres

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

We carry out numerical simulations of a variety of impacts on a Dimorphos-like self-gravitating aggregate. These impacts have the same momentum, but we proportionally vary the velocity and mass of the impactor so that as velocity increases, so does its kinetic energy. This is done to explore the space of impacts on a binary secondary in order to gain insight into body deformation and energy dissipation in such a system. We use a soft-sphere discrete element method (DEM) code for this work and reach impact speeds of up to

\approx

1.5 km/s, bordering on supersonic where the results stop being realistic. We find that the amount of ejecta, as well as the momentum enhancing factor (

β

) and the variation in the along-track velocity due to the impact (

Δ v

) increase with an increasing kinetic energy showing that our results point towards the values obtained by the DART mission. Additionally, we analyse how energy is dissipated over time, months after the impact, and evaluate the quality factor

Q

that characterises the energy dissipation rate.

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粒状小行星在亚音速飞镖式撞击后的动力学

我们进行了数值模拟的各种影响dimorphos类自重力聚集体。这些撞击具有相同的动量，但我们按比例改变撞击器的速度和质量，这样随着速度的增加，它的动能也会增加。这样做是为了探索对二元次级系统的冲击空间，以便深入了解这种系统中的体变形和能量耗散。我们使用软球离散元方法（DEM）代码进行这项工作，并达到高达≈1.5 km/s的撞击速度，接近超音速，结果不再真实。我们发现，随着动能的增加，抛射量、动量增强因子（β）和撞击引起的沿轨道速度变化（Δv）也会增加，这表明我们的结果与DART任务获得的值一致。此外，我们分析了能量是如何随着时间的推移而耗散的，在撞击后的几个月，并评估了表征能量耗散率的质量因子Q。

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来源期刊

Icarus 地学天文-天文与天体物理

CiteScore

6.30

自引率

18.80%

发文量

356

审稿时长

2-4 weeks

期刊介绍： Icarus is devoted to the publication of original contributions in the field of Solar System studies. Manuscripts reporting the results of new research - observational, experimental, or theoretical - concerning the astronomy, geology, meteorology, physics, chemistry, biology, and other scientific aspects of our Solar System or extrasolar systems are welcome. The journal generally does not publish papers devoted exclusively to the Sun, the Earth, celestial mechanics, meteoritics, or astrophysics. Icarus does not publish papers that provide "improved" versions of Bode''s law, or other numerical relations, without a sound physical basis. Icarus does not publish meeting announcements or general notices. Reviews, historical papers, and manuscripts describing spacecraft instrumentation may be considered, but only with prior approval of the editor. An entire issue of the journal is occasionally devoted to a single subject, usually arising from a conference on the same topic. The language of publication is English. American or British usage is accepted, but not a mixture of these.