Brain ultrasound radiomics identify textural differences in basal ganglia and white matter between full term newborns HIV-exposed uninfected and HIV-unexposed in Botswana.

IF 2 3区 医学 Q2 OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY
Laith R Sultan, Karen I Ramirez-Suarez, Sara Rae Schenkel, Monica Miranda Schaeubinger, Carmen Cerron-Vela, Samuel W Kgole, Gosego Masasa, Boitshepo Phale, Joseph Makhema, Thuso Mokane, Elizabeth D Lowenthal, Kathleen M Powis, Hansel J Otero
{"title":"Brain ultrasound radiomics identify textural differences in basal ganglia and white matter between full term newborns HIV-exposed uninfected and HIV-unexposed in Botswana.","authors":"Laith R Sultan, Karen I Ramirez-Suarez, Sara Rae Schenkel, Monica Miranda Schaeubinger, Carmen Cerron-Vela, Samuel W Kgole, Gosego Masasa, Boitshepo Phale, Joseph Makhema, Thuso Mokane, Elizabeth D Lowenthal, Kathleen M Powis, Hansel J Otero","doi":"10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2025.106368","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Over 1 million infants born annually with fetal exposure to HIV and maternal antiretroviral treatment (ART) who remain HIV-uninfected (HEU) are at higher risk of neurodevelopmental delays compared to infants HIV-unexposed (HU).</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We explored the use of brain ultrasound radiomics, specifically texture analysis, as an early imaging neurodevelopmental biomarker, comparing findings by newborn in utero HIV exposure status.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Brain ultrasound was performed on full-term newborns (≥ 37 weeks gestation) enrolled in a prospective observational study in Botswana. Radiomic ultrasound features, including first-order statistics, run-length, and co-occurrence matrix parameters, were extracted from the basal ganglia and periventricular white matter. Statistical comparisons were conducted based on fetal exposure to maternal HIV. The diagnostic performance of individual features was assessed, and logistic regression was used to combine the features for overall performance evaluation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-three infants (HEU: 20, HU: 13) were included in the analysis. The basal ganglia of HEU infants exhibited significantly lower heterogeneity (176.6 ± 10.76 vs. 205.97 ± 13.26, p = 0.04) and entropy (0.37 ± 0.01 vs. 0.41 ± 0.01, p = 0.03), and marginally lower gray level non-uniformity (310.04 ± 15.32 vs. 352.37 ± 24.20, p = 0.06) compared to HU infants, suggesting reduced parenchymal complexity. These combined radiomic features yielded an AUC of 0.72 with a specificity of 0.86. Similar trends were observed in the white matter, where HEU infants demonstrated marginally lower heterogeneity (191.66 ± 14.32 vs. 231.76 ± 17.34, p = 0.06). Gray level non-uniformity and run length non-uniformity were significantly lower in the HEU group (1996.87 ± 157.06 vs. 2487.43 ± 223.67, p = 0.04 and 284.66 ± 20.37 vs. 406.61 ± 47.77, p = 0.01, respectively). The combined white matter model demonstrated an AUC of 0.76 and a sensitivity of 0.86, indicating greater discriminatory power compared to the basal ganglia.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Ultrasound radiomics reveals distinct differences in brain texture between HEU and HU newborns, with significant findings in both basal ganglia and white matter features. These results highlight the potential of radiomics in identifying subtle neuroanatomical variations. Further research is needed to explore the neurodevelopmental implications of these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":11435,"journal":{"name":"Early human development","volume":"210 ","pages":"106368"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Early human development","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2025.106368","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Over 1 million infants born annually with fetal exposure to HIV and maternal antiretroviral treatment (ART) who remain HIV-uninfected (HEU) are at higher risk of neurodevelopmental delays compared to infants HIV-unexposed (HU).

Objective: We explored the use of brain ultrasound radiomics, specifically texture analysis, as an early imaging neurodevelopmental biomarker, comparing findings by newborn in utero HIV exposure status.

Methods: Brain ultrasound was performed on full-term newborns (≥ 37 weeks gestation) enrolled in a prospective observational study in Botswana. Radiomic ultrasound features, including first-order statistics, run-length, and co-occurrence matrix parameters, were extracted from the basal ganglia and periventricular white matter. Statistical comparisons were conducted based on fetal exposure to maternal HIV. The diagnostic performance of individual features was assessed, and logistic regression was used to combine the features for overall performance evaluation.

Results: Thirty-three infants (HEU: 20, HU: 13) were included in the analysis. The basal ganglia of HEU infants exhibited significantly lower heterogeneity (176.6 ± 10.76 vs. 205.97 ± 13.26, p = 0.04) and entropy (0.37 ± 0.01 vs. 0.41 ± 0.01, p = 0.03), and marginally lower gray level non-uniformity (310.04 ± 15.32 vs. 352.37 ± 24.20, p = 0.06) compared to HU infants, suggesting reduced parenchymal complexity. These combined radiomic features yielded an AUC of 0.72 with a specificity of 0.86. Similar trends were observed in the white matter, where HEU infants demonstrated marginally lower heterogeneity (191.66 ± 14.32 vs. 231.76 ± 17.34, p = 0.06). Gray level non-uniformity and run length non-uniformity were significantly lower in the HEU group (1996.87 ± 157.06 vs. 2487.43 ± 223.67, p = 0.04 and 284.66 ± 20.37 vs. 406.61 ± 47.77, p = 0.01, respectively). The combined white matter model demonstrated an AUC of 0.76 and a sensitivity of 0.86, indicating greater discriminatory power compared to the basal ganglia.

Conclusion: Ultrasound radiomics reveals distinct differences in brain texture between HEU and HU newborns, with significant findings in both basal ganglia and white matter features. These results highlight the potential of radiomics in identifying subtle neuroanatomical variations. Further research is needed to explore the neurodevelopmental implications of these findings.

脑超声放射组学鉴定了博茨瓦纳艾滋病毒暴露、未感染和未感染的足月新生儿基底神经节和白质的结构差异。
背景:与未接触艾滋病毒(HU)的婴儿相比,每年有超过100万的胎儿暴露于艾滋病毒和母亲抗逆转录病毒治疗(ART)但仍未感染艾滋病毒(HEU)的婴儿神经发育迟缓的风险更高。目的:我们探索使用脑超声放射组学,特别是纹理分析,作为早期成像神经发育的生物标志物,比较新生儿在子宫内HIV暴露状态的结果。方法:在博茨瓦纳的一项前瞻性观察研究中,对足月新生儿(≥37周妊娠)进行脑超声检查。从基底节区和脑室周围白质中提取放射学超声特征,包括一阶统计量、行程长度和共现矩阵参数。根据胎儿暴露于母体艾滋病毒进行统计比较。评估单个特征的诊断性能,并使用逻辑回归将特征组合起来进行整体性能评估。结果:33例婴儿(HEU: 20, HU: 13)纳入分析。HEU组基底节区异质性(176.6±10.76 vs. 205.97±13.26,p = 0.04)和熵值(0.37±0.01 vs. 0.41±0.01,p = 0.03)显著低于HU组,灰度非均匀性(310.04±15.32 vs. 352.37±24.20,p = 0.06)显著低于HU组,表明HEU组基底节区实质复杂性降低。这些综合放射学特征的AUC为0.72,特异性为0.86。在白质中也观察到类似的趋势,HEU婴儿的异质性略低(191.66±14.32 vs 231.76±17.34,p = 0.06)。HEU组灰度不均匀性和跑程不均匀性显著低于对照组(1996.87±157.06 vs. 2487.43±223.67,p = 0.04; 284.66±20.37 vs. 406.61±47.77,p = 0.01)。联合白质模型的AUC为0.76,灵敏度为0.86,与基底节区相比具有更强的分辨能力。结论:超声放射组学显示HEU和HU新生儿的脑质地存在明显差异,基底节区和白质特征均有显著差异。这些结果突出了放射组学在识别细微神经解剖学变异方面的潜力。需要进一步的研究来探索这些发现对神经发育的影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 求助全文
来源期刊
Early human development
Early human development 医学-妇产科学
CiteScore
4.40
自引率
4.00%
发文量
100
审稿时长
46 days
期刊介绍: Established as an authoritative, highly cited voice on early human development, Early Human Development provides a unique opportunity for researchers and clinicians to bridge the communication gap between disciplines. Creating a forum for the productive exchange of ideas concerning early human growth and development, the journal publishes original research and clinical papers with particular emphasis on the continuum between fetal life and the perinatal period; aspects of postnatal growth influenced by early events; and the safeguarding of the quality of human survival. The first comprehensive and interdisciplinary journal in this area of growing importance, Early Human Development offers pertinent contributions to the following subject areas: Fetology; perinatology; pediatrics; growth and development; obstetrics; reproduction and fertility; epidemiology; behavioural sciences; nutrition and metabolism; teratology; neurology; brain biology; developmental psychology and screening.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:604180095
Book学术官方微信