Risk factors for hypertension in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Casablanca-Settat region, Morocco: a cross-sectional study.

IF 1 Q4 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
Pan African Medical Journal Pub Date : 2025-06-09 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.11604/pamj.2025.51.38.46334
Houda El Alami, Meryem Bouqdayr, Khaoula Errafii, Mustapha Lkhider, Najib Al Idrissi, Hassan Ghazal, Lahcen Wakrim, Omar Abidi, Naima Khlil, Abderrahim Naamane, Abderrahmane Maaroufi, Salsabil Hamdi
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Introduction: hypertension in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major problem that increases the risk of morbidity and mortality. Although the prevalence of this disease is high in the T2DM population, the risk factors for it remain understudied. The objective of this study is to identify the risk factors combined with hypertension in Moroccan patients with T2DM.

Methods: this cross-sectional study was conducted between January 2017 and July 2018 in primary healthcare centers. A total of 503 T2DM patients were included. Inclusion criteria: adults (≥18 years) with T2DM for ≥1 year. Exclusion criteria: type 1 diabetes, gestational diabetes, cognitive impairment, or missing data. Data on demographics, clinical history, and biochemical markers were analyzed using SPSS. Logistic regression identified independent risk factors, reported as adjusted OR with 95% CI. A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results: a total of 503 patients with T2DM were included (71% female, 29% male), with a mean age of 58.4 ± 10.2 years. The prevalence of hypertension was 70.2%. Patients with hypertension were significantly older (mean age: 61.2 ± 9.8 years vs. 52.6 ± 10.5 years, p ≤ 0.001). The most common cardiovascular risk factors were dyslipidemia (54.1%), obesity (mean BMI: 30.8 ± 5.6 kg/m2), and a sedentary lifestyle (50.6%). Multivariable logistic regression identified older age (OR: 4.74, 95% CI: 2.47-9.10; p ≤ 0.001), longer diabetes duration (OR: 2.28, 95% CI: 1.14-4.53; p = 0.018), BMI levels (OR: 1.05, 95% CI: 1.00-1.10; p = 0.019), dyslipidemia (OR: 2.07, 95% CI: 1.28-3.33; p = 0.003), and therapeutic modifications (OR: 1.98, 95% CI: 1.11-3.53; p = 0.020) as significant risk factors.

Conclusion: in this study, we found that hypertension is highly prevalent among patients with T2DM. Our findings indicate that older age, longer diabetes duration, therapeutic modifications, dyslipidemia, and higher BMI levels are significant risk factors for diabetes.

摩洛哥卡萨布兰卡-塞塔地区2型糖尿病患者高血压的危险因素:一项横断面研究
2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者的高血压是增加发病和死亡风险的主要问题。虽然这种疾病在2型糖尿病人群中的患病率很高,但其危险因素仍未得到充分研究。本研究的目的是确定摩洛哥T2DM患者合并高血压的危险因素。方法:本横断面研究于2017年1月至2018年7月在初级卫生保健中心进行。共纳入503例T2DM患者。纳入标准:成人(≥18岁)T2DM≥1年。排除标准:1型糖尿病、妊娠糖尿病、认知障碍或数据缺失。统计资料、临床病史、生化指标采用SPSS统计软件进行分析。Logistic回归确定了独立危险因素,报告为调整OR, 95% CI。p值结果:共纳入T2DM患者503例(女性71%,男性29%),平均年龄58.4±10.2岁。高血压患病率为70.2%。高血压患者明显老年化(平均年龄:61.2±9.8岁比52.6±10.5岁,p≤0.001)。最常见的心血管危险因素是血脂异常(54.1%)、肥胖(平均BMI: 30.8±5.6 kg/m2)和久坐的生活方式(50.6%)。多变量logistic回归确定年龄较大(OR: 4.74, 95% CI: 2.47-9.10;p≤0.001),糖尿病持续时间较长(OR: 2.28, 95% CI: 1.14-4.53;p = 0.018), BMI水平(OR: 1.05, 95% CI: 1.00-1.10;p = 0.019)、血脂异常(OR: 2.07, 95% CI: 1.28-3.33;p = 0.003),治疗改良(OR: 1.98, 95% CI: 1.11-3.53;P = 0.020)为显著危险因素。结论:在本研究中,我们发现高血压在T2DM患者中非常普遍。我们的研究结果表明,年龄较大,糖尿病持续时间较长,治疗改变,血脂异常和较高的BMI水平是糖尿病的重要危险因素。
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来源期刊
Pan African Medical Journal
Pan African Medical Journal PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH-
CiteScore
1.80
自引率
0.00%
发文量
691
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