{"title":"Evaluation of anti-CyHV-2 effects of star anise (Illicium verum) aqueous extract.","authors":"Mengjuan Li, Yu Song, Liqun Lu, Hao Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110621","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (CyHV-2), a virus that triggers Herpesvirus Hematopoietic Necrosis Disease, presents a major challenge for goldfish and related species. Previous studies have reported that quercetin inhibits viral replication by suppressing phosphorylation of AKT, the core protein of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. This study further found that quercetin also has anti-CyHV-2 effects in vivo. Notably, quercetin was found to be a one of major component of star anise. We further examined 14 key compounds in star anise other than quercetin and evaluated their anti-CyHV-2 effects in vitro. Nine active ingredients had antiviral effects, indicating that star anise has potential anti-CyHV-2 activity. To verify the anti-CyHV-2 potential of star anise, a standardized water extraction process for star anise was established, and its aqueous extract exhibited significant anti-CyHV-2 effects both in vivo and in vitro. Additionally, quercetin pharmacokinetics in the liver, kidney, and blood were investigated. The present study provides valuable theoretical support for the practical application of quercetin and star anise aqueous extract, offering prospects for the development of green anti-CyHV-2 drugs for aquaculture.</p>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":" ","pages":"110621"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9000,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Fish & shellfish immunology","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110621","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/8/5 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"FISHERIES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (CyHV-2), a virus that triggers Herpesvirus Hematopoietic Necrosis Disease, presents a major challenge for goldfish and related species. Previous studies have reported that quercetin inhibits viral replication by suppressing phosphorylation of AKT, the core protein of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. This study further found that quercetin also has anti-CyHV-2 effects in vivo. Notably, quercetin was found to be a one of major component of star anise. We further examined 14 key compounds in star anise other than quercetin and evaluated their anti-CyHV-2 effects in vitro. Nine active ingredients had antiviral effects, indicating that star anise has potential anti-CyHV-2 activity. To verify the anti-CyHV-2 potential of star anise, a standardized water extraction process for star anise was established, and its aqueous extract exhibited significant anti-CyHV-2 effects both in vivo and in vitro. Additionally, quercetin pharmacokinetics in the liver, kidney, and blood were investigated. The present study provides valuable theoretical support for the practical application of quercetin and star anise aqueous extract, offering prospects for the development of green anti-CyHV-2 drugs for aquaculture.
期刊介绍：
Fish and Shellfish Immunology rapidly publishes high-quality, peer-refereed contributions in the expanding fields of fish and shellfish immunology. It presents studies on the basic mechanisms of both the specific and non-specific defense systems, the cells, tissues, and humoral factors involved, their dependence on environmental and intrinsic factors, response to pathogens, response to vaccination, and applied studies on the development of specific vaccines for use in the aquaculture industry.
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