Prevalence, risk and protective factors of postpartum depression and anxiety symptoms in the Allada district, Benin.

IF 3.5 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology Pub Date : 2025-08-06 DOI:10.1007/s00127-025-02982-5

Maram Youshaa, Judith van der Waerden, Roméo Zoumenou, Achille Massougbodji, Michael J Boivin, Florence Bodeau-Livinec, Ketevan Marr

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Purpose: Postpartum depression symptoms (PPDS) and postpartum anxiety symptoms (PPAS) are a major global public health issue, especially in low-resource settings. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of PPDS and PPAS in Benin, Sub-Saharan Africa, at one year postpartum and to identify associated risk and protective factors.

Methods: Pregnant women were recruited for a longitudinal mother-child cohort in the Allada District of Benin, and a cross-sectional analysis was performed on data collected at one-year postpartum. Maternal depression and anxiety symptoms were assessed one year postpartum using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS)-validated in Benin and translated into Fon-and its anxiety subscale (EPDS-3 A). Cut-off scores for high depressive and anxiety symptoms were ≥ 13 and ≥ 6, respectively. Potential risk and protective factors including maternal, child characteristics, socioeconomic status, and social support were analyzed using multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models.

Results: At one year postpartum, 13% of 742 mothers had PPDS, and 21% PPAS. Risk factors for PPDS included recent alcohol consumption (previous three months) (aOR = 1.88; 95%CI: 1.17-3.02) and food insecurity (aOR = 4.47; 95%CI: 1.29-17.4), while partner cohabitation reduced PPDS odds (aOR = 0.45; 95%CI: 0.26-0.80). PPAS risk factors included recent alcohol consumption (aOR = 2.17; 95%CI: 1.44-3.28) and regular child care support from 3 + childcare providers (aOR = 2.91; 95%CI: 1.50-5.68). Protective factors for PPAS included the minority Aizo ethnicity (aOR = 0.58; 95%CI: 0.36-0.93) and living in an individual house (aOR = 0.45; 95%CI: 0.24-0.85).

Conclusion: This study sheds light on the prevalence of PPDS and PPAS at one year postpartum in the Beninese context, as well as associated factors. Findings underscore the importance of establishing postpartum psychological follow-up and targeted strategies to support maternal mental health in low-resource settings, addressing both socioeconomic vulnerabilities and social support structures.

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贝宁阿拉达地区产后抑郁和焦虑症状的患病率、风险和保护因素

目的：产后抑郁症状（PPDS）和产后焦虑症状（PPAS）是一个主要的全球公共卫生问题，特别是在资源匮乏的环境中。本研究旨在确定产后一年PPDS和PPAS在撒哈拉以南非洲贝宁的患病率，并确定相关的风险和保护因素。方法：在贝宁阿拉达地区招募孕妇进行纵向母婴队列研究，并对产后1年收集的数据进行横断面分析。使用爱丁堡产后抑郁量表（EPDS）及其焦虑子量表（EPDS- 3a）评估产后一年的母亲抑郁和焦虑症状。爱丁堡产后抑郁量表在贝宁得到验证，并被翻译成fon量表。高抑郁和高焦虑症状的截止得分分别为≥13分和≥6分。使用多变量调整logistic回归模型分析潜在风险和保护因素，包括母亲、儿童特征、社会经济地位和社会支持。结果：产后1年，742名母亲中有13%患有PPDS， 21%患有PPAS。PPDS的危险因素包括最近饮酒（前三个月）(aOR = 1.88；95%CI: 1.17-3.02)和粮食不安全(aOR = 4.47；95%CI: 1.29-17.4)，而伴侣同居降低了PPDS的几率(aOR = 0.45；95%置信区间:0.26—-0.80)。PPAS危险因素包括近期饮酒(aOR = 2.17；95%CI: 1.44-3.28)和来自3个以上托儿服务提供者的定期托儿支持(aOR = 2.91；95%置信区间:1.50—-5.68)。PPAS的保护因素包括Aizo少数民族(aOR = 0.58；95%CI: 0.36-0.93)和独居(aOR = 0.45；95%置信区间:0.24—-0.85)。结论：本研究揭示了贝宁产后1年PPDS和PPAS的患病率及其相关因素。研究结果强调了建立产后心理随访和有针对性的战略的重要性，以支持低资源环境中的孕产妇心理健康，解决社会经济脆弱性和社会支持结构问题。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 医学-精神病学

CiteScore

8.50

自引率

2.30%

发文量

184

审稿时长

3-6 weeks

期刊介绍： Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology is intended to provide a medium for the prompt publication of scientific contributions concerned with all aspects of the epidemiology of psychiatric disorders - social, biological and genetic. In addition, the journal has a particular focus on the effects of social conditions upon behaviour and the relationship between psychiatric disorders and the social environment. Contributions may be of a clinical nature provided they relate to social issues, or they may deal with specialised investigations in the fields of social psychology, sociology, anthropology, epidemiology, health service research, health economies or public mental health. We will publish papers on cross-cultural and trans-cultural themes. We do not publish case studies or small case series. While we will publish studies of reliability and validity of new instruments of interest to our readership, we will not publish articles reporting on the performance of established instruments in translation. Both original work and review articles may be submitted.