Effects of sarcopenic obesity on depressive symptoms and their trajectories: findings from the CHARLS 2011-2020.

IF 3.5 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology Pub Date : 2025-08-06 DOI:10.1007/s00127-025-02976-3

Shaohui Su, Kerui Wang, Ziyi Yang, Yinuo Zhou, Rui Ma, Siran Chen, Mengqi Zhou, Yanfang Yang

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Abstract

Purpose: Sarcopenia and obesity are recognized factors associated with the onset of depression. Our study aims to clarify the specific impact of sarcopenic obesity on depression development and the longitudinal trajectories of depressive symptoms.

Methods: Data from the 2011-2020 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) were utilized, including 8532 participants aged ≥ 45 years. Cox proportional hazards regression assessed the effect of sarcopenic obesity on the incidence of depression. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression explored the relationship between components of sarcopenic obesity (waist circumference, BMI, handgrip strength, and appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASM/Ht²)) and depression risk. Group-based trajectory modeling (GBTM) identified depressive symptom trajectories among 7895 participants. Multivariate logistic regression analyzed the influence of sarcopenic obesity and other covariates on depressive symptom trajectories.

Results: Sarcopenic non-obesity (HR = 1.15; 95% CI: 1.03-1.28) and sarcopenic obesity (HR = 1.28; 95% CI: 1.04-1.58) were associated with increased depression risk. RCS analysis revealed a significant dose-response relationship between components of sarcopenic obesity (waist circumference, BMI, handgrip strength, and ASM/Ht²) and depression risk (P for overall trend < 0.05). Three depressive symptom trajectories over the nine years were identified: relatively stable (48.1%), moderate growth (41.8%), and rapid growth (10.1%). Sarcopenic obesity (OR = 2.22, 95% CI: 1.40-3.51) was identified as a potential factor influencing variability in depressive symptom trajectories.

Conclusions: Sarcopenic obesity is associated with an increased risk of depression and may affect the progression of depressive symptoms. Improving muscle mass and strength and maintaining moderate abdominal fat in middle-aged and older adults could help prevent depression.

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肌肉减少型肥胖对抑郁症状的影响及其轨迹：CHARLS 2011-2020的研究结果

目的：肌少症和肥胖是公认的与抑郁症发病相关的因素。我们的研究旨在阐明肌肉减少型肥胖对抑郁症发展的具体影响以及抑郁症状的纵向轨迹。方法：使用2011-2020年中国健康与退休纵向研究（CHARLS）的数据，包括8532名年龄≥45岁的参与者。Cox比例风险回归评估了肌肉减少型肥胖对抑郁症发病率的影响。限制性三次样条（RCS）回归探讨了肌肉减少型肥胖成分（腰围、BMI、握力和阑尾骨骼肌质量指数（ASM/Ht2））与抑郁风险之间的关系。基于群体的轨迹模型（GBTM）确定了7895名参与者的抑郁症状轨迹。多变量logistic回归分析了肌肉减少性肥胖和其他协变量对抑郁症状轨迹的影响。结果：肌少性非肥胖(HR = 1.15；95% CI: 1.03-1.28)和肌肉减少性肥胖(HR = 1.28；95% CI: 1.04-1.58)与抑郁风险增加相关。RCS分析显示，肌少性肥胖成分（腰围、BMI、握力和ASM/Ht2）与抑郁风险之间存在显著的剂量-反应关系（P为总体趋势）。结论：肌少性肥胖与抑郁风险增加相关，并可能影响抑郁症状的进展。改善中老年人的肌肉质量和力量，保持适度的腹部脂肪，有助于预防抑郁症。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 医学-精神病学

CiteScore

8.50

自引率

2.30%

发文量

184

审稿时长

3-6 weeks

期刊介绍： Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology is intended to provide a medium for the prompt publication of scientific contributions concerned with all aspects of the epidemiology of psychiatric disorders - social, biological and genetic. In addition, the journal has a particular focus on the effects of social conditions upon behaviour and the relationship between psychiatric disorders and the social environment. Contributions may be of a clinical nature provided they relate to social issues, or they may deal with specialised investigations in the fields of social psychology, sociology, anthropology, epidemiology, health service research, health economies or public mental health. We will publish papers on cross-cultural and trans-cultural themes. We do not publish case studies or small case series. While we will publish studies of reliability and validity of new instruments of interest to our readership, we will not publish articles reporting on the performance of established instruments in translation. Both original work and review articles may be submitted.