CRISPR RiPCA for Investigating eIF4E-m7GpppX Capped mRNA Interactions

Abstract

Post-transcriptional modifications expand the information encoded by an mRNA. These dynamic and reversible modifications are specifically recognized by reader RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), which mediate the regulation of gene expression, RNA processing, localization, stability, and translation. Given their crucial functions, any disruptions in the normal activity of these readers can have significant implications for cellular health. Consequently, the dysregulation of these RBPs has been associated with neurodegenerative disorders, cancers, and viral infections. Therefore, there has been growing interest in targeting reader RBPs as a potential therapeutic strategy since developing molecules that restore proper RNA processing and function may offer a promising avenue for treating diseases. In this work, we coupled our previously established live-cell RNA-protein interaction (RPI) assay, RNA interaction with Protein-mediated Complementation Assay (RiPCA), with CRISPR technology to build a new platform, CRISPR RiPCA. As a model for development, we utilized the interaction of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E), a reader RBP that binds to the m⁷GpppX cap present at the 5′ terminus of coding mRNAs, with an m⁷G capped RNA substrate. Using eIF4E CRISPR RiPCA, we demonstrate our technology’s potential for measuring on-target activity of inhibitors of the eIF4E RPI of relevance to cancer drug discovery.