Effects of betaine supplementation on endurance exercise performance: a systematic review.

Physical activity and nutrition Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-30 DOI:10.20463/pan.2025.0008
Marie Stella Louise Perreras, Jisu Kim
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Abstract

Purpose: Betaine has been studied for its potential ergogenic effects on strength, power, and body composition. However, its influence on endurance exercise performance remain relatively underexplored. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the impact of betaine supplementation on endurance exercise performance, as assessed through a combination of physiological measures and performance-based outcomes.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and EMBASE to identify studies comparing betaine supplementation with a placebo on endurance performance outcomes in healthy individuals. The review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), and study quality was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool.

Results: A total of five studies (three parallel-design and two crossover-design) met the inclusion criteria. Of these, two studies demonstrated a significant interaction effect on maximum oxygen consumption and mean power at the latter stage of the Wingate Anaerobic Test, two reported a main effect of treatment on mean power, peak power, and oxygen consumption, and one found significant differences in oxygen consumption and blood lactate levels. All included studies were evaluated as having a high risk of bias.

Conclusion: These findings highlight the paucity of evidence regarding the ergogenic potential of betaine in endurance exercise performance and underscore the need for additional, more rigorous research to determine its effectiveness.

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补充甜菜碱对耐力运动表现的影响:一项系统综述。
目的:研究甜菜碱对力量、力量和身体成分的潜在作用。然而,它对耐力运动表现的影响仍未得到充分的研究。本系统综述旨在评估补充甜菜碱对耐力运动表现的影响,通过生理测量和基于表现的结果相结合进行评估。方法:使用PubMed、Cochrane图书馆和EMBASE进行全面的文献检索,以确定比较甜菜碱补充剂与安慰剂对健康个体耐力表现结果的研究。本综述按照系统评价和荟萃分析首选报告项目(PRISMA)进行,使用Cochrane偏倚风险工具评估研究质量。结果:共有5项研究(3项平行设计,2项交叉设计)符合纳入标准。其中,两项研究表明,在温盖特厌氧试验的后期阶段,最大耗氧量和平均功率有显著的相互作用,两项研究报告了处理对平均功率、峰值功率和耗氧量的主要影响,一项研究发现耗氧量和血乳酸水平有显著差异。所有纳入的研究均被评价为具有高偏倚风险。结论:这些发现强调了甜菜碱在耐力运动表现中的促人体健康潜力的证据缺乏,并强调了需要额外的、更严格的研究来确定其有效性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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