Radon Mitigation in Native Communities: A Partnership Between a Tribal Health Clinic and University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center to Reduce Carcinogen Exposure

Abstract

Introduction

Radon exposure is the second leading cause of lung cancer in the U.S. and has a synergistic effect with tobacco smoke. Lung cancer has a high incidence among Native American communities in Wisconsin. This project aimed to assess and mitigate radon exposure in Native American homes on the Stockbridge-Munsee reservation.

Methods

In collaboration with the Stockbridge-Munsee Mohican Tribe, 83 radon test kits were distributed, and radon exposure data were collected from this Tribal community between April 2023 and September 2024.

Results

Of the 83 homes tested in the Tribal community, 56 (67.5%) exceeded the recommended radon exposure level and underwent radon mitigation. Among those with elevated radon levels, the median concentration was 10.1 picocuries per liter (pCi/L), with values ranging from 4 to 111.6 pCi/L. High radon levels were detected in both warm and cold months and in homes with varying foundation types.

Conclusions

Radon levels on Tribal lands were higher than anticipated, which may contribute to the increased incidence of lung cancer in Native communities. This initiative underscores the need for radon testing and mitigation in Tribal communities to address environmental health disparities and improve health.