Colorectal Cancer; Novel Approaches in Chimeric Antigen Receptors (CAR) -T cell.

Abstract

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a popular type of cancer, characterized by high mortality and a notable impression on the well-being of individuals. The success of adoptive chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy in treating hematological malignancies has been remarkable in recent years; however, its application in solid tumors like CRC has many challenges. These obstacles encompass the immunosuppressive microenvironment of the tumor, the insufficient targeting of CAR-T cells, the limited lifespan of CAR-T cells within the body, and the constrained capacity for proliferation. Additionally, CAR-T cells face hurdles in effectively infiltrating the tumor site, which further complicates treatment outcomes. Diverse innovative strategies have been suggested to surmount these barriers in the context of CRC. This comprehensive review endeavors to meticulously elucidate an exhaustive and detailed evaluation of the prevailing and contemporary landscape concerning CAR-T cell therapy as it pertains to the intricate management of CRC, while simultaneously offering a thorough indication of the various risk factors and the associated prevalence that are intricately linked with the manifestation and progression of CRC.