Semaglutide 2.4 mg Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Obesity or Overweight: A Real-World Retrospective Comparative Cohort Study

IF 4 3区医学 Q2 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL

Advances in Therapy Pub Date : 2025-08-06 DOI:10.1007/s12325-025-03320-6

Aleksandrina Ruseva, Wojciech Michalak, Anthony Fabricatore, Bríain Ó. Hartaigh, Zhenxiang Zhao, Devika Umashanker

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Introduction

This study compared the effectiveness of semaglutide 2.4 mg vs. no treatment with obesity medication (OM) for reducing weight and improving cardiometabolic risk factors among adults with obesity or overweight.

Methods

This real-world, retrospective, observational cohort study included adults with obesity or overweight with ≥ 1 obesity-related complication treated with semaglutide 2.4 mg identified in a large US claims and medical record database (December 15, 2020, through May 30, 2024). Patients were matched 1:4 to non-treated patients using a propensity score (PS) model. Change in weight and body mass index (BMI) (primary outcomes) and changes in cardiometabolic risk factors (secondary outcomes; systolic blood pressure [SBP], diastolic blood pressure [DBP], glycated hemoglobin [HbA1c], high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C], low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C], and triglycerides) were assessed from baseline to 12 months. PS matching and generalized linear models were used to compare outcomes.

Results

A total of 8,857 semaglutide 2.4 mg-treated patients were matched to 35,428 non-treated patients. After matching, baseline characteristics between cohorts were well balanced in mean age (47.6 vs. 47.8 years), mean BMI (36.7 kg/m² in both cohorts), and gender (76% vs. 77% female). Weight data were available for 4,038 and 1,186 patients in the non-treated and semaglutide cohort, respectively. Estimated treatment differences between cohorts showed the semaglutide 2.4 mg cohort had significantly greater percentage (− 15.0%) and absolute reduction in weight (– 15.7 kg), greater reduction in BMI (– 4.2 kg/m²), and significantly greater improvements in cardiometabolic risk factors, including SBP (– 6.7 mmHg), DBP (– 2.7 mmHg), HbA1c (– 0.5%), HDL-C (1.2 mg/dl), LDL-C (– 10.4 mg/dl), and triglycerides (– 34.3 mg/dl) at 12 months.

Conclusion

In this real-world study, adults with obesity or overweight treated with semaglutide 2.4 mg had greater reductions in weight and improvements in cardiometabolic risk factors compared with patients not treated with OM at 12 months.

A Graphical Abstract is available for this article.

Graphical Abstract

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塞马鲁肽2.4 mg治疗肥胖或超重患者的临床结果：一项真实世界回顾性比较队列研究

本研究比较了西马鲁肽2.4 mg与未治疗的肥胖药物（OM）在肥胖或超重成人中减轻体重和改善心脏代谢危险因素的有效性。方法：这项现实世界的、回顾性的、观察性队列研究纳入了在美国大型索赔和医疗记录数据库（2020年12月15日至2024年5月30日）中发现的接受2.4 mg西马鲁肽治疗的肥胖或超重且伴有≥1种肥胖相关并发症的成年人。使用倾向评分（PS）模型将患者与未接受治疗的患者进行1:4匹配。体重和体重指数（BMI）的变化（主要结局）和心脏代谢危险因素的变化(次要结局；从基线到12个月，评估收缩压（SBP）、舒张压（DBP）、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）和甘油三酯（triglycerides）。PS匹配和广义线性模型用于比较结果。结果：总共8,857名接受semaglutide 2.4 mg治疗的患者与35,428名未接受治疗的患者相匹配。匹配后，队列之间的基线特征在平均年龄（47.6对47.8岁）、平均BMI（两组均为36.7 kg/m2）和性别（76%对77%为女性）方面平衡良好。未治疗组和西马鲁肽组的体重数据分别为4038例和1186例。队列之间估计的治疗差异显示，semaglutide 2.4 mg队列在12个月时具有更大的百分比（- 15.0%）和绝对体重降低（- 15.7 kg），更大的BMI降低（- 4.2 kg/m2），以及更大的心脏代谢危险因素改善，包括收缩压（- 6.7 mmHg）， DBP (- 2.7 mmHg), HbA1c (- 0.5%), HDL-C (1.2 mg/dl), LDL-C （- 10.4 mg/dl）和甘油三酯（- 34.3 mg/dl）。结论：在这项现实世界的研究中，与未接受OM治疗的患者相比，接受2.4 mg西马鲁肽治疗的肥胖或超重成人在12个月时体重下降和心脏代谢危险因素改善更大。本文的图形摘要是可用的。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Advances in Therapy 医学-药学

CiteScore

7.20

自引率

2.60%

发文量

353

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Advances in Therapy is an international, peer reviewed, rapid-publication (peer review in 2 weeks, published 3–4 weeks from acceptance) journal dedicated to the publication of high-quality clinical (all phases), observational, real-world, and health outcomes research around the discovery, development, and use of therapeutics and interventions (including devices) across all therapeutic areas. Studies relating to diagnostics and diagnosis, pharmacoeconomics, public health, epidemiology, quality of life, and patient care, management, and education are also encouraged. The journal is of interest to a broad audience of healthcare professionals and publishes original research, reviews, communications and letters. The journal is read by a global audience and receives submissions from all over the world. Advances in Therapy will consider all scientifically sound research be it positive, confirmatory or negative data. Submissions are welcomed whether they relate to an international and/or a country-specific audience, something that is crucially important when researchers are trying to target more specific patient populations. This inclusive approach allows the journal to assist in the dissemination of all scientifically and ethically sound research.