A knowledge, attitudes, and practices study on BRCA mutations among family members of women diagnosed with epithelial ovarian or fallopian tube cancer.

Abstract

Objective: BReast CAncer (BRCA) gene mutations increase the risk of epithelial ovarian and fallopian tube cancers. Genetic counseling and screening play a crucial role in identifying individuals at risk. Assessing knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) related to BRCA mutations among family members of affected individuals can assist in early detection and preventive strategies. This study aims to evaluate KAP among family members of patients with these cancers to identify gaps and improve awareness.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted between March and November 2024, involving 215 participants with a family history of epithelial ovarian or fallopian tube cancer. Data were collected through structured interviews.

Results: The mean age of participants was 47.3 years; 42.8% were single and 44.2% were nulliparous. Most participants (65.6%) had one affected relative, with 86.5% being first-degree relatives. Only 16.3% had heard of BRCA mutations and 18.2% were aware of their association with ovarian cancer. The most commonly recognized ovarian cancer symptom was abdominal swelling. The highest mean KAP score was associated with the belief that regular pelvic examinations should be performed. Multivariate analysis identified independent factors influencing the desire for BRCA screening, including an attitude score of ≥25 (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 12.638; P<0.001), follow-up duration of >5 years (AOR, 2.504; P=0.016), and ongoing or ineffective treatment (AOR, 4.303; P<0.001).

Conclusion: Substantial gaps in KAP regarding BRCA mutations persist among family members of affected individuals. Targeted educational interventions and healthcare initiatives are essential to enhance awareness and support informed decision-making in high-risk populations.