Trans Fatty Acids and Chronic Metabolic Diseases: Molecular Mechanisms and Public Health Strategies for Risk Mitigation.

IF 5.5 3区医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Current Nutrition Reports Pub Date : 2025-08-04 DOI:10.1007/s13668-025-00683-8

Nageena Qayyum, Ya Wang, Tingyi Mo, Zhixin Li, Shan Wang, Ruijie Liu, Bingquan Mo, Honghui Guo

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Purpose of review: This review provides a comprehensive analysis of trans fatty acids (TFAs) and their impact on human health, examining the molecular mechanisms underlying TFA-induced pathogenesis of chronic diseases. We combine current evidence on TFA metabolism, cellular effects, and associated health outcomes to inform public health strategies.

Recent findings: TFAs are mainly derived from two sources: industrial processes and natural biohydrogenation. Following dietary intake, TFAs are absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract and enter systemic circulation. Recent epidemiological and experimental evidence has shown that TFAs disrupt lipid metabolism, elevate oxidative stress, and activate inflammatory signaling pathways, including NF-κB. Additionally, TFAs induce endoplasmic reticulum stress and impair autophagy, contributing to insulin resistance, hepatic steatosis, and adipose tissue dysfunction. These processes impair systemic metabolic dysfunction. TFAs exert multiple adverse effects on metabolic and cellular processes, supporting their role in the progression of chronic diseases. Understanding the mechanistic basis of TFA-induced dysfunction underscores the importance of reducing dietary intake through regulatory policies and public health interventions.

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反式脂肪酸与慢性代谢疾病：降低风险的分子机制和公共卫生策略。

综述目的：本文综述了反式脂肪酸（tfa）及其对人类健康的影响，探讨了tfa诱导的慢性疾病发病机制的分子机制。我们结合目前关于TFA代谢、细胞效应和相关健康结果的证据，为公共卫生策略提供信息。最近的研究发现：tfa主要来源于两个来源：工业过程和天然生物氢化。饮食摄入后，tfa在胃肠道被吸收并进入体循环。最近的流行病学和实验证据表明，tfa破坏脂质代谢，升高氧化应激，激活炎症信号通路，包括NF-κB。此外，tfa诱导内质网应激并损害自噬，导致胰岛素抵抗、肝脂肪变性和脂肪组织功能障碍。这些过程损害全身代谢功能障碍。tfa对代谢和细胞过程产生多种不利影响，支持其在慢性疾病进展中的作用。了解tfa诱导功能障碍的机制基础强调了通过监管政策和公共卫生干预减少饮食摄入的重要性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Current Nutrition Reports Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Food Science

CiteScore

7.70

自引率

2.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： This journal aims to provide comprehensive review articles that emphasize significant developments in nutrition research emerging in recent publications. By presenting clear, insightful, balanced contributions by international experts, the journal intends to discuss the influence of nutrition on major health conditions such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and obesity, as well as the impact of nutrition on genetics, metabolic function, and public health. We accomplish this aim by appointing international authorities to serve as Section Editors in key subject areas across the field. Section Editors select topics for which leading experts contribute comprehensive review articles that emphasize new developments and recently published papers of major importance, highlighted by annotated reference lists. We also provide commentaries from well-known figures in the field, and an Editorial Board of more than 25 internationally diverse members reviews the annual table of contents, suggests topics of special importance to their country/region, and ensures that topics and current and include emerging research.