Ethylated Phosphorylcholine as a New Marker for Alcohol Consumption: A Proof of Concept.

IF 2.7 3区 医学 Q2 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS
Catalina Dumitrascu, Elias Iturrospe, Els Scheir, Patrick Timmermans, Erik Fransen, Matthias Van Puymbroeck, Glenn Van Nieuwenhove, Maryline Busschots, Diona D'Hondt, Alexia Van Goethem, Wout Claeys, Babette Van Rafelghem, Eline Baetens, Philippe G Jorens, Celine Gys, Werner Jacobs, Hugo Neels, Adrian Covaci, Alexander L N van Nuijs
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Alcohol consumption is widespread worldwide and a leading cause of injuries, morbidity, and mortality. Accurately detecting alcohol use with reliable biomarkers is crucial in clinical and forensic settings. Direct alcohol biomarkers, i.e., ethanol (EtOH), ethyl glucuronide (EtG), ethyl sulphate (EtS), phosphatidylethanol 16:0/18:1 (PEth) reflect short- and long-term consumption. Nevertheless, complementary biomarkers with improved specificity and sensitivity are needed to better assess alcohol use, including generating a detailed timeline of consumption. In vitro exposure of HepaRG liver cells to EtOH resulted in the generation of ethylated phosphorylcholine (EtOChoP). This is the first study to investigate the in vivo presence of EtOChoP and its occurrence in medico-legal samples. Proof-of-concept and observational studies assessed EtOChoP, PEth, EtG, EtS, and EtOH in whole blood, and, when available, other matrices were analyzed for EtG, EtS (plasma, serum, urine, hair), EtOH (urine), and EtOChoP (plasma, serum). A single alcohol exposure event (0.5 g/kg EtOH, with blood EtOH concentration peaking at 0.76 g/L at 100 min) led to EtOChoP presence, and, similar to short-term biomarkers (e.g., EtOH, EtG, and EtS in whole blood), EtOChoP was not detected in the following day(s). However, in the observational study, EtOChoP remained detectable even when short-term biomarkers were absent, resembling long-term biomarkers (PEth and hair EtG). Notably, 14% of samples were positive only for EtOChoP, highlighting the need for additional biomarkers. These findings identify EtOChoP as a promising alcohol (ab)use biomarker formed after EtOH consumption and possibly accumulating during chronic drinking. EtOChoP could potentially differentiate between recent drinking and chronic problematic drinking in individuals with high PEth levels.

乙基化磷胆碱作为一种新的酒精消费标志:概念验证。
酒精消费在世界范围内很普遍,是造成伤害、发病和死亡的主要原因。用可靠的生物标志物准确检测酒精使用在临床和法医环境中至关重要。直接酒精生物标志物,即乙醇(EtOH)、葡萄糖醛酸乙酯(EtG)、硫酸乙酯(EtS)、磷脂酰乙醇16:0/18:1 (PEth)反映了短期和长期的消费。然而,需要特异性和敏感性更高的补充生物标志物来更好地评估酒精使用情况,包括生成详细的饮酒时间表。体外实验中,HepaRG肝细胞暴露于EtOH可产生乙基化磷酸化胆碱(EtOChoP)。这是第一个研究EtOChoP在体内的存在及其在医学法律样本中的出现的研究。概念验证和观察性研究评估了全血中的EtOChoP、PEth、EtG、EtS和EtOH,并在可用的情况下分析其他基质的EtG、EtS(血浆、血清、尿液、毛发)、EtOH(尿液)和EtOChoP(血浆、血清)。单次酒精暴露事件(0.5 g/kg EtOH,血液EtOH浓度在100分钟达到峰值0.76 g/L)导致EtOChoP的存在,并且,与短期生物标志物(例如,全血中的EtOH, EtG和EtS)相似,EtOChoP在第二天未被检测到。然而,在观察性研究中,即使短期生物标志物缺失,EtOChoP仍可检测到,类似于长期生物标志物(PEth和头发EtG)。值得注意的是,14%的样品仅对EtOChoP呈阳性,这突出了对其他生物标志物的需求。这些研究结果表明,EtOChoP是一种很有前途的酒精(ab)用途生物标志物,在EtOH消耗后形成,并可能在长期饮酒过程中积累。EtOChoP可以潜在地区分高PEth水平个体的近期饮酒和慢性问题饮酒。
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来源期刊
Drug Testing and Analysis
Drug Testing and Analysis BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS-CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL
CiteScore
5.90
自引率
24.10%
发文量
191
审稿时长
2.3 months
期刊介绍: As the incidence of drugs escalates in 21st century living, their detection and analysis have become increasingly important. Sport, the workplace, crime investigation, homeland security, the pharmaceutical industry and the environment are just some of the high profile arenas in which analytical testing has provided an important investigative tool for uncovering the presence of extraneous substances. In addition to the usual publishing fare of primary research articles, case reports and letters, Drug Testing and Analysis offers a unique combination of; ‘How to’ material such as ‘Tutorials’ and ‘Reviews’, Speculative pieces (‘Commentaries’ and ‘Perspectives'', providing a broader scientific and social context to the aspects of analytical testing), ‘Annual banned substance reviews’ (delivering a critical evaluation of the methods used in the characterization of established and newly outlawed compounds). Rather than focus on the application of a single technique, Drug Testing and Analysis employs a unique multidisciplinary approach to the field of controversial compound determination. Papers discussing chromatography, mass spectrometry, immunological approaches, 1D/2D gel electrophoresis, to name just a few select methods, are welcomed where their application is related to any of the six key topics listed below.
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