The earthquake casualties from Heraclea Sintica – buried under debris of the portico of the Roman forum

IF 1.5 2区 历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY
V. Russeva, L. Manoilova
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

During excavations in the southwestern corner of the Roman forum of Heraclea Sintica, archaeologists investigated a massive layer of debris from an earthquake dated to the end of the fourth century CE. After removing the layer, they revealed two brick vaulted cisterns. The southern one had a partially collapsed vault, and in the ruins of the destroyed structure, the human skeletal remains of six individuals were discovered. Five of the skeletons (2N, 3N, 1S, 2S and 3S) were partially preserved in anatomical position on top of the debris from the brick vault, and skeleton 2N was the most intact. Only the lower half of skeletons 1S, 2S, and 3S survived. Their upper halves are missing, probably due to decomposition. Skeleton 1N was discovered on the uppermost position, in anatomical order over a layer of dirt and debris separating it from the other skeletons. The individual could have been standing on above-situated structure.
The discovery of the skeletal remains in a sealed archaeological deposit enables a hypothetical reconstruction of the order of events that led to the formation of the excavated structure as well as the final moments of these earthquake victims. Anthropological analysis revealed a number of traumas, some of which caused by the architectural collapse. Documented pathological changes attest to an individual with physical and mental impairments possibly due to a rare congenital disorder, i.e. Apert syndrome who had a place in Heraclea Sintica during the Roman period.
来自赫拉克勒斯尼蒂卡的地震伤亡人员被埋在罗马广场门廊的碎片下
在赫拉克利亚辛蒂卡罗马广场西南角的挖掘过程中,考古学家调查了一层巨大的废墟,这些废墟来自公元四世纪末的一次地震。除去这层后,他们发现了两个砖砌的拱形水池。南部的墓室有一个部分坍塌的拱顶,在被摧毁的建筑废墟中,发现了六具人类骨骼遗骸。5具骸骨(2N、3N、1S、2S和3S)部分保存在砖拱顶残骸顶部的解剖位置,其中2N骸骨保存最完整。只有下半部分的骨骼1S, 2S和3S存活下来。他们的上半身不见了,可能是由于腐烂。n号骨架位于最上面的位置,按照解剖顺序,它位于一层泥土和碎片之上,将它与其他骨架分开。这个人可能站在上面的建筑物上。在一个封闭的考古沉积物中发现的骨骼遗骸,使人们能够假设重建导致挖掘结构形成的事件顺序,以及这些地震受害者的最后时刻。人类学分析揭示了一些创伤,其中一些是由建筑倒塌造成的。有记录的病理变化证明了一个人有身体和精神上的障碍,可能是由于一种罕见的先天性疾病,即Apert综合征,他在罗马时期的赫拉克勒斯Sintica有一席之地。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.10
自引率
12.50%
发文量
405
期刊介绍: Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports is aimed at archaeologists and scientists engaged with the application of scientific techniques and methodologies to all areas of archaeology. The journal focuses on the results of the application of scientific methods to archaeological problems and debates. It will provide a forum for reviews and scientific debate of issues in scientific archaeology and their impact in the wider subject. Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports will publish papers of excellent archaeological science, with regional or wider interest. This will include case studies, reviews and short papers where an established scientific technique sheds light on archaeological questions and debates.
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