On elastic waves generated by energy sources moving along curved boundaries

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Results in Physics Pub Date : 2025-08-05 DOI:10.1016/j.rinp.2025.108370

Koji Uenishi

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The dynamic wave field related to a moving energy source in a solid material, including an external concentrated load traveling along a free boundary, a propagating crack tip, a contacting/separating interface, strongly depends on the speed of the moving source with respect to the body wave speeds (Mach numbers) and the Rayleigh wave speed of the solid. For example, if the source speed exceeds the longitudinal (P) wave speed of the solid (supersonic case), two different Mach-type waves are generated and propagated along the boundary. However, the investigation is usually only analytical or numerical, and also it is mostly limited to the case of straight boundaries, and the fundamental wave dynamics associated with an energy source moving along a curved boundary has not been fully understood yet. Here, first, waves generated by concentrated pressure pulses traveling along a typical circular convex/concave loose boundary (interface with separation) are simulated numerically in the two-dimensional framework by using finite difference technique. Then, transient edge contact of a circular (convex) disc with a concave boundary is investigated experimentally by means of dynamic photoelasticity in conjunction with high speed cinematography. It is confirmed that the speed of contact or energy source can exceed the P wave speed of the solid without difficulty and Mach-type waves can be indeed generated and propagated along the curved boundary. As an example of the applications of this model study, the seismic waves generated by the 2024 Noto Peninsula, Japan, earthquake are considered.

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论沿弯曲边界运动的能量源所产生的弹性波

固体材料中与运动能量源相关的动态波场，包括沿自由边界移动的外部集中载荷、传播裂纹尖端、接触/分离界面，在很大程度上取决于运动能量源相对于体波速度（马赫数）和固体瑞利波速度的速度。例如，如果震源速度超过固体的纵波速度(P)（超音速情况下），就会产生两种不同的马赫型波并沿边界传播。然而，研究通常只是解析或数值，而且大多局限于直线边界的情况，而与沿弯曲边界移动的能量源相关的基本波动力学尚未完全理解。本文首先利用有限差分技术在二维框架中对集中压力脉冲沿典型的圆形凹凸松散边界（分离界面）运动所产生的波进行了数值模拟。然后，利用动态光弹性与高速摄影相结合的方法，对具有凹边界的圆（凸）圆盘的瞬态边缘接触进行了实验研究。证实了接触或能量源的速度可以轻松地超过固体的P波速度，确实可以产生马赫型波并沿弯曲边界传播。以2024年日本诺托半岛地震所产生的地震波为例，进行了该模型的应用研究。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Results in Physics MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARYPHYSIC-PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

CiteScore

8.70

自引率

9.40%

发文量

754

审稿时长

50 days

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