Investigating the validity of picture-based assessments across cultures and contexts: Evidence from young children in Kenya and the United States.

IF 3.1 2区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL

Developmental Psychology Pub Date : 2025-08-04 DOI:10.1037/dev0002050

Rebecca Zhu, Tabitha Nduku Kilonzo, Jan M Engelmann, Alison Gopnik

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Many childhood assessments rely on picture stimuli, but children in diverse early environments possess varying amounts of experience with pictures. Two preregistered experiments, conducted in 2022-2023, investigated whether picture assessments are valid across diverse contexts. Low-to-middle-income children (n = 192, 2-7 years, 85 females, all Black) in their first month of formal schooling in Mombasa County, Kenya, an early environment with relatively few pictures, performed more accurately on an object vocabulary task than a picture vocabulary task (β = 0.07, p < .001; Experiment 1). Middle-to-high-income children (n = 96, 2-3 years, 52 females, predominantly White and Asian) in the San Francisco Bay Area, an early environment with relatively more pictures, performed similarly on object and picture vocabulary tasks (β = 0.02, p = .60; Experiment 2). Consequently, these results tentatively suggest that assessments involving pictures may underestimate children's capacities in some contexts. To accurately measure developing capacities in children from diverse backgrounds, it is critical that assessment tools are appropriately adapted to environmental contexts. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

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调查跨文化和背景的基于图片的评估的有效性：来自肯尼亚和美国幼儿的证据。

许多儿童评估依赖于图片刺激，但不同早期环境中的儿童拥有不同数量的图片经验。在2022-2023年进行的两个预注册实验调查了图像评估在不同背景下是否有效。在肯尼亚蒙巴萨县接受第一个月正式教育的低收入至中等收入儿童（n = 192, 2-7岁，85名女性，均为黑人）在相对较少图片的早期环境中，在物体词汇任务上的表现比在图片词汇任务上的表现更准确(β = 0.07, p < .001；实验1)。旧金山湾区的中高收入儿童（n = 96, 2-3岁，52名女性，主要是白人和亚洲人），在早期相对较多的图片环境中，在物体和图片词汇任务上表现相似(β = 0.02, p = .60；实验2)。因此，这些结果初步表明，涉及图片的评估可能低估了儿童在某些情况下的能力。为了准确衡量来自不同背景的儿童的发展能力，至关重要的是，评估工具必须适当地适应环境背景。（PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA，版权所有）。

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来源期刊

Developmental Psychology PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL-

CiteScore

5.80

自引率

2.50%

发文量

329

期刊介绍： Developmental Psychology ® publishes articles that significantly advance knowledge and theory about development across the life span. The journal focuses on seminal empirical contributions. The journal occasionally publishes exceptionally strong scholarly reviews and theoretical or methodological articles. Studies of any aspect of psychological development are appropriate, as are studies of the biological, social, and cultural factors that affect development. The journal welcomes not only laboratory-based experimental studies but studies employing other rigorous methodologies, such as ethnographies, field research, and secondary analyses of large data sets. We especially seek submissions in new areas of inquiry and submissions that will address contradictory findings or controversies in the field as well as the generalizability of extant findings in new populations. Although most articles in this journal address human development, studies of other species are appropriate if they have important implications for human development. Submissions can consist of single manuscripts, proposed sections, or short reports.