An experimental study on the detection mechanism of 2-CEES using SAW sensors under various temperature conditions.

IF 3.9 2区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES
Hee-Chan Jang, Sanjeeb Lama, Jaeyoung Heo, Changsik Song, Young-Jun Lee, Jun-Soo Lee, Joo-Hyung Kim
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Abstract

Among chemical warfare agents (CWAs), mustard gas (HD) is a lethal blister agent that causes prolonged chemical burns and skin blistering, often without immediate symptoms. HD has been used as a chemical weapon due to its potent toxicity, which becomes more pronounced as temperatures rise after its release in colder conditions. As temperature increases, HD also undergoes more active desorption, making its detection increasingly difficult. Therefore, temperature-sensitive detection methods are critical for effectively identifying HD for practical applications in this field. In this study, we investigated the detection of 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (2-CEES), a simulant for HD, using a surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensor coated with a polyphosphonamide-based polymer (PPD-F2). Experiments were conducted across a temperature range of - 20 °C to 50 °C. The results demonstrated that the sensor's frequency shift (∆f) increased as the temperature decreased, with a particularly notable rise in ∆f observed at temperatures below 10 °C.

实验研究了SAW传感器在不同温度条件下探测2-CEES的机理。
在化学战剂(CWAs)中,芥子气(HD)是一种致命的水疱剂,会导致长期的化学烧伤和皮肤起泡,通常没有立即症状。HD由于其强大的毒性而被用作化学武器,在较冷的条件下释放后,随着温度的升高,其毒性会变得更加明显。随着温度的升高,HD也会发生更活跃的解吸,这使得其检测变得越来越困难。因此,在该领域的实际应用中,温度敏感检测方法对于有效识别HD至关重要。在这项研究中,我们研究了用表面声波(SAW)传感器涂覆聚磷酰胺基聚合物(PPD-F2)来检测HD的模拟物2-氯乙基乙基硫化物(2-CEES)。实验在- 20°C至50°C的温度范围内进行。结果表明,传感器的频移(∆f)随着温度的降低而增加,在温度低于10°C时,∆f的升高尤为显著。
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来源期刊
Scientific Reports
Scientific Reports Natural Science Disciplines-
CiteScore
7.50
自引率
4.30%
发文量
19567
审稿时长
3.9 months
期刊介绍: We publish original research from all areas of the natural sciences, psychology, medicine and engineering. You can learn more about what we publish by browsing our specific scientific subject areas below or explore Scientific Reports by browsing all articles and collections. Scientific Reports has a 2-year impact factor: 4.380 (2021), and is the 6th most-cited journal in the world, with more than 540,000 citations in 2020 (Clarivate Analytics, 2021). •Engineering Engineering covers all aspects of engineering, technology, and applied science. It plays a crucial role in the development of technologies to address some of the world''s biggest challenges, helping to save lives and improve the way we live. •Physical sciences Physical sciences are those academic disciplines that aim to uncover the underlying laws of nature — often written in the language of mathematics. It is a collective term for areas of study including astronomy, chemistry, materials science and physics. •Earth and environmental sciences Earth and environmental sciences cover all aspects of Earth and planetary science and broadly encompass solid Earth processes, surface and atmospheric dynamics, Earth system history, climate and climate change, marine and freshwater systems, and ecology. It also considers the interactions between humans and these systems. •Biological sciences Biological sciences encompass all the divisions of natural sciences examining various aspects of vital processes. The concept includes anatomy, physiology, cell biology, biochemistry and biophysics, and covers all organisms from microorganisms, animals to plants. •Health sciences The health sciences study health, disease and healthcare. This field of study aims to develop knowledge, interventions and technology for use in healthcare to improve the treatment of patients.
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