{"title":"Tryptophan promotes sperm hyperactivation in hamsters via 5-hydroxytryptamine biosynthesis within sperm.","authors":"Issei Suzuki, Masakatsu Fujinoki, Takao Kamai","doi":"10.1262/jrd.2025-006","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>L-tryptophan (Trp), an essential amino acid, is a precursor of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT; also known as serotonin) that promotes mammalian sperm hyperactivation. Since mammalian sperm contain Trp hydroxylase (TPH), they may contribute to 5‑HT biosynthesis. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the effect of Trp on hamster sperm hyperactivation and determine whether sperm are involved in 5-HT biosynthesis. Trp significantly enhanced sperm hyperactivation via the 5-HT<sub>4</sub> receptor and its associated signals. In contrast, D-tryptophan did not affect sperm hyperactivation. Furthermore, hamster sperm contained the 5-HT biosynthesis enzymes TPH and aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC). Additionally, hamster sperm secreted 5-HT. Trp-enhanced hyperactivation and 5-HT secretion were significantly inhibited by TPH and AADC inhibitors. Overall, our findings suggest that Trp enhanced sperm hyperactivation through the biosynthesis of 5-HT within the sperm.</p>","PeriodicalId":16942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Reproduction and Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2000,"publicationDate":"2025-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Reproduction and Development","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1262/jrd.2025-006","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
L-tryptophan (Trp), an essential amino acid, is a precursor of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT; also known as serotonin) that promotes mammalian sperm hyperactivation. Since mammalian sperm contain Trp hydroxylase (TPH), they may contribute to 5‑HT biosynthesis. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the effect of Trp on hamster sperm hyperactivation and determine whether sperm are involved in 5-HT biosynthesis. Trp significantly enhanced sperm hyperactivation via the 5-HT4 receptor and its associated signals. In contrast, D-tryptophan did not affect sperm hyperactivation. Furthermore, hamster sperm contained the 5-HT biosynthesis enzymes TPH and aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC). Additionally, hamster sperm secreted 5-HT. Trp-enhanced hyperactivation and 5-HT secretion were significantly inhibited by TPH and AADC inhibitors. Overall, our findings suggest that Trp enhanced sperm hyperactivation through the biosynthesis of 5-HT within the sperm.
l -色氨酸（Trp）是一种必需氨基酸，是5-羟色胺(5-HT；也被称为血清素)，促进哺乳动物精子的过度激活。由于哺乳动物精子含有色氨酸羟化酶（TPH），它们可能有助于5‑HT的生物合成。因此，本研究旨在研究色氨酸对仓鼠精子过度激活的影响，并确定精子是否参与5-HT的生物合成。色氨酸通过5-HT4受体及其相关信号显著增强精子的超激活。相反，d -色氨酸不影响精子的过度激活。此外，仓鼠精子中含有5-羟色胺生物合成酶TPH和芳香l -氨基酸脱羧酶（AADC）。此外，仓鼠精子分泌5-羟色胺。TPH和AADC抑制剂显著抑制trp增强的超激活和5-HT分泌。总的来说，我们的研究结果表明，色氨酸通过精子内5-羟色胺的生物合成增强了精子的过度激活。
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Journal of Reproduction and Development (JRD) is the
official journal of the Society for Reproduction and Development,
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