Interleukin-5 is an adjunctive biomarker for engraftment syndrome in multiple myeloma patients undergoing autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

IF 3.8 3区医学 Q2 IMMUNOLOGY

Clinical immunology Pub Date : 2025-08-05 DOI:10.1016/j.clim.2025.110575

Xing-Li Zhang , Meng-Meng Pan , Yaroslav Kaminskiy , Shi-Wei Jin , Jian-Qing Mi , Wei-Ping Zhang , Jie Xu

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (ASCT) in multiple myeloma (MM) can cause engraftment syndrome (ES), a clinical diagnosis without specific laboratory biomarkers. Herein, six cytokines commonly elevated during transplantation were chronologically detected during ASCT in 96 patients with newly diagnosed MM, 24.0 % of whom experienced ES. Among the molecules demonstrating remarkable peak levels, only IL-5 was able to differentiate ES from non-ES. IL-5 measured on day 12 emerged as an optimal indicator of ES, and its diagnostic value was enhanced when combined with the proportion of endogenous CD8⁺ T cells after engraftment and daratumumab-naive history. Notably, IL-5 levels on day 6 (IL-5 D6) served as the earliest predictor. 70.8 % of the patients could be predicted as having ES or non-ES via the IL-5 D6 cutoff value and daratumumab treatment history. It suggests that IL-5 can aid in estimating ES, and prior exposure to daratumumab may reduce the incidence of ES.

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白细胞介素-5是自体造血干细胞移植的多发性骨髓瘤患者移植综合征的辅助生物标志物。

多发性骨髓瘤（MM）的自体造血干细胞移植（ASCT）可引起植入综合征（ES），这是一种没有特定实验室生物标志物的临床诊断。在此，96例新诊断的MM患者在ASCT期间按时间顺序检测到移植过程中常见的6种细胞因子，其中24.0 %发生ES。在表现出显著峰值水平的分子中，只有IL-5能够区分ES和非ES。第12天测量IL-5是ES的最佳指标，结合移植后内源性CD8+ T细胞比例和daratumumab-naïve病史，IL-5的诊断价值增强。值得注意的是，第6天的IL-5水平（IL-5 D6）是最早的预测因子。70.8% %的患者可通过il - 5d6临界值和达拉单抗治疗史预测为ES或非ES。这表明IL-5可以帮助估计ES，并且先前暴露于达拉单抗可能降低ES的发生率。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Clinical immunology 医学-免疫学

CiteScore

12.30

自引率

1.20%

发文量

212

审稿时长

34 days

期刊介绍： Clinical Immunology publishes original research delving into the molecular and cellular foundations of immunological diseases. Additionally, the journal includes reviews covering timely subjects in basic immunology, along with case reports and letters to the editor.