The Role of Sediments in Modulating Nitrous Oxide Production in the Southern Benguela Upwelling System: Insights From Stable Isotopic Tracers

IF 5.5 2区 地球科学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Sina Wallschuss, Julie Granger, Annie Bourbonnais, Raquel Flynn, Jessica Burger, Keshnee Pillay, Sarah Fawcett
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Abstract

The ocean accounts for ∼20%–30% of global nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions, with coastal upwelling systems estimated to contribute disproportionately to the sea-air flux of this potent greenhouse gas. To investigate the mechanisms of and controls on N2O production in coastal upwelling systems, we measured the concentration and nitrogen and oxygen isotopic composition of N2O (δ15N-N2O and δ18O-N2O) along a cross-shelf transect in the Southern Benguela Upwelling System (SBUS). At the shelf bottom, N2O concentrations increased from the outer shelf toward the shore (11–32 nM) inversely to dissolved oxygen (182 ± 17 to <1 μM) and in concert with the remineralization tracers, apparent oxygen utilization (108 ± 21 to 221 ± 33 μM) and nitrogen (N)-deficit (up to 20.4 μM). These observations suggest that both nitrification and denitrification may be involved in N2O production on the SBUS shelf. The δ15N-N2O implicates both processes as potential N2O sources on the shelf, with high δ18O-N2O values (≤57.2‰) specifically incriminating sediments as the primary N2O source to the water column. Isotopic changes across the shelf delineate three discrete domains with distinct N2O sources. Sedimentary nitrification and/or denitrification dominate N2O production on the midshelf, while coupled nitrification-denitrification explains N2O production on the inner-shelf. At the shallow inner-shelf where oxygen is depleted, both water column and sedimentary denitrification account for the production and partial consumption of N2O. This study illuminates the disproportionate contribution of sedimentary N cycling to N2O production on the SBUS shelf.

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沉积物在调节Benguela南部上升流系统氧化亚氮生成中的作用:来自稳定同位素示踪剂的见解
海洋占全球一氧化二氮(N2O)排放量的20%-30%,据估计,沿海上升流系统对这种强效温室气体的海气通量的贡献不成比例。为了探讨沿海上升流系统N2O生成的机制和控制因素,我们在南本格拉上升流系统(SBUS)的跨陆架样带测量了N2O的浓度和氮氧同位素组成(δ15N-N2O和δ18O-N2O)。在陆架底部,N2O浓度与溶解氧(182±17 ~ <1 μM)呈负相关,与再矿化示踪剂、表观氧利用率(108±21 ~ 221±33 μM)和氮(N)亏缺(高达20.4 μM)呈负相关。这些观察结果表明,硝化和反硝化可能都参与了SBUS架子上N2O的产生。δ15N-N2O暗示这两个过程都是陆架上潜在的N2O来源,高δ18O-N2O值(≤57.2‰)特别表明沉积物是水柱的主要N2O来源。跨陆架的同位素变化描绘了三个具有不同N2O来源的离散域。沉积硝化作用和/或反硝化作用主导了中陆架N2O的产生,而硝化-反硝化耦合作用解释了内陆架N2O的产生。在缺氧的浅层内陆架,水柱和沉积反硝化作用都是N2O的产生和部分消耗的原因。该研究阐明了沉积N循环对SBUS陆架N2O生成的不成比例的贡献。
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来源期刊
Global Biogeochemical Cycles
Global Biogeochemical Cycles 环境科学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
8.90
自引率
7.70%
发文量
141
审稿时长
8-16 weeks
期刊介绍: Global Biogeochemical Cycles (GBC) features research on regional to global biogeochemical interactions, as well as more local studies that demonstrate fundamental implications for biogeochemical processing at regional or global scales. Published papers draw on a wide array of methods and knowledge and extend in time from the deep geologic past to recent historical and potential future interactions. This broad scope includes studies that elucidate human activities as interactive components of biogeochemical cycles and physical Earth Systems including climate. Authors are required to make their work accessible to a broad interdisciplinary range of scientists.
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