Enhanced Amplified Spontaneous Emission from Optically Pumped Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes with Sodium Fluoride Additives

Abstract

Metal halide perovskites represent a promising class of gain media for next-generation nonepitaxial laser diodes. However, fully electrically pumped perovskite laser diodes have not been achieved yet. Herein, the use of sodium fluoride (NaF) is explored as an efficient additive in halide perovskite films to improve their optical and light amplification properties. The incorporation of NaF in perovskites leads to a remarkable threefold increase in light-emitting intensity. The threshold of amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) by optical pumping is reduced by more than 20%, from ≈13.5 to 10.4 μJ cm⁻². Furthermore, the NaF-modified perovskites exhibit stable ASE emission, even after exposure to 1.5 billion optical pulses, highlighting substantial improvements in the material's photostability. Finally, optically pumped ASE is observed from a full perovskite light-emitting diode stack, including lossy metal electrodes. This work demonstrates significant progress toward the development of electrically pumped perovskite lasers.