A new spin on chemotaxonomy: Using non-proteogenic amino acids as a test case

IF 2.4 3区生物学 Q2 PLANT SCIENCES

Applications in Plant Sciences Pub Date : 2025-04-14 DOI:10.1002/aps3.70006

Makenzie Gibson, William Thives Santos, Alan R. Oyler, Lucas Busta, Craig A. Schenck

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Premise

Specialized metabolites serve various roles for plants and humans. Unlike core metabolites, specialized metabolites are restricted to certain plant lineages; thus, in addition to their ecological functions, specialized metabolites can serve as diagnostic markers of plant lineages.

Methods

We investigated the phylogenetic distribution of plant metabolites using non-proteogenic amino acids (NPAA). Species–NPAA associations for eight NPAAs were identified from the existing literature and placed within a phylogenetic context using R packages and the Interactive Tree of Life. To confirm and extend the literature-based NPAA distribution, we selected azetidine-2-carboxylic acid (Aze) and screened over 70 diverse plants using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS).

Results

Literature searches identified 163 NPAA-relevant articles, which were manually inspected to identify 822 species–NPAA associations. NPAAs were mapped at the order and genus level, revealing that some NPAAs are restricted to single orders, whereas others are present across divergent taxa. The observed distribution of Aze across plants and ancestral state reconstruction suggests a convergent evolutionary history.

Discussion

Although reliance on chemotaxonomy has decreased in recent years, there is still value in placing metabolites within a phylogenetic context to understand the evolutionary processes of plant chemical diversification. This approach can be applied to metabolites present in any organism and compared at a range of taxonomic levels.

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化学分类学的新进展：使用非蛋白质氨基酸作为测试案例

专门的代谢物在植物和人类中起着不同的作用。与核心代谢物不同，特化代谢物仅限于某些植物谱系；因此，除了它们的生态功能外，特殊代谢物还可以作为植物谱系的诊断标记。方法利用非蛋白质原性氨基酸（NPAA）研究植物代谢产物的系统发育分布。从现有文献中确定了8个npaa的物种- npaa关联，并使用R包和交互生命树将其置于系统发育背景中。为了进一步证实和扩展NPAA的分布，我们选择了azetidine-2-carboxylic acid (Aze)，并使用气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）技术对70多种不同的植物进行了筛选。结果检索到163篇与npaa相关的文献，人工鉴定出822篇与npaa相关的物种。在目和属水平上对NPAAs进行了定位，发现一些NPAAs仅局限于单一目，而另一些则存在于不同的分类群中。观察到的Aze在植物间的分布和祖先状态的重建表明其进化史趋同。尽管近年来对化学分类学的依赖有所减少，但将代谢物置于系统发育背景下以理解植物化学多样化的进化过程仍然有价值。这种方法可以应用于任何生物体中存在的代谢物，并在一系列分类水平上进行比较。

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来源期刊

Applications in Plant Sciences PLANT SCIENCES-

CiteScore

7.30

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

12 weeks

期刊介绍： Applications in Plant Sciences (APPS) is a monthly, peer-reviewed, open access journal promoting the rapid dissemination of newly developed, innovative tools and protocols in all areas of the plant sciences, including genetics, structure, function, development, evolution, systematics, and ecology. Given the rapid progress today in technology and its application in the plant sciences, the goal of APPS is to foster communication within the plant science community to advance scientific research. APPS is a publication of the Botanical Society of America, originating in 2009 as the American Journal of Botany''s online-only section, AJB Primer Notes & Protocols in the Plant Sciences. APPS publishes the following types of articles: (1) Protocol Notes describe new methods and technological advancements; (2) Genomic Resources Articles characterize the development and demonstrate the usefulness of newly developed genomic resources, including transcriptomes; (3) Software Notes detail new software applications; (4) Application Articles illustrate the application of a new protocol, method, or software application within the context of a larger study; (5) Review Articles evaluate available techniques, methods, or protocols; (6) Primer Notes report novel genetic markers with evidence of wide applicability.