Plasmodium falciparum Parasitemia Does Not Diminish Neutralizing Antibody Responses After mRNA COVID-19 Booster Vaccination in HIV-infected Adults

The Journal of Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2025-08-02 DOI:10.1093/infdis/jiaf398

Taraz Samandari, Millicent Achola, Jack N Hutter, Grace Mboya, Walter Otieno, Jia Jin Kee, Yunda Huang, John J Aponte, Christian F Ockenhouse, Cynthia K Lee, Laura Polakowski, Margaret Yacovone, Asa Tapley, Sufia Dadabhai, Nonhlanhla N Mkhize, Haajira Kaldine, Sinethemba Bhebhe, Penny L Moore, John Hural, Nigel Garrett, James G Kublin

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Abstract

mRNA vaccines have emerged as powerful tools for the prevention of infectious diseases, but subclinical malaria may reduce vaccine immunogenicity. We evaluated neutralizing antibody responses in asymptomatic HIV-infected adults with and without PCR-confirmed Plasmodium falciparum who received either monovalent mRNA-1273 or bivalent mRNA-1273.222 (WA-1 and BA.4/5) booster vaccines. In previous studies, a 50% pseudovirus inhibitory dose neutralizing antibody (ID50) titer of 1,000 correlated with 96% efficacy in preventing COVID-19. We observed ID50 geometric mean titers >22,000 in both parasitemic and non-parasitemic participants one month after boosting. We conclude that COVID-19 mRNA vaccine antibody responses are unimpaired by concurrent asymptomatic parasitemia.

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在hiv感染的成人中，恶性疟原虫寄生虫血症不会降低mRNA COVID-19加强疫苗接种后的中和抗体反应

mRNA疫苗已成为预防传染病的有力工具，但亚临床疟疾可能会降低疫苗的免疫原性。我们评估了接受单价mRNA-1273或二价mRNA-1273.222 （WA-1和BA.4/5）加强疫苗的无症状hiv感染成人（有或没有pcr证实的恶性疟原虫）的中和抗体反应。在之前的研究中，50%的假病毒抑制剂量中和抗体（ID50）滴度为1000，与96%的预防COVID-19的有效性相关。我们在增强一个月后，在寄生虫和非寄生虫参与者中观察到ID50几何平均滴度为22,000。我们得出结论，COVID-19 mRNA疫苗抗体反应不受并发无症状寄生虫病的影响。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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The Journal of Infectious Diseases

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