Clinical Outcomes and Quality of Life in Cancer Patients Undergoing Immunotherapy: A Scoping Review.

IF 0.9 4区 医学 Q4 IMMUNOLOGY
Kiran A S Mahadev, Yeannie Hui-Yeng Yap, Soon Hao Tan
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Immunotherapy has transformed cancer treatment by leveraging the immune system to target and destroy cancer cells. This scoping review synthesizes recent data on the clinical outcomes and quality of life (QoL) impacts of key immunotherapy agents, including checkpoint inhibitors (e.g., pembrolizumab, nivolumab) and CAR T-cell therapies. A systematic search in PubMed and Google Scholar identified primary studies published in the past five years (2020-2024) focusing on clinical efficacy and QoL metrics. Findings reveal that immunotherapy offers notable survival benefits and QoL improvements, especially in hematologic cancers, where CAR T-cell therapies demonstrate high efficacy in relapsed or refractory cases. However, challenges remain in extending these benefits to solid tumors, with common obstacles being immune-related toxicities and limited access. Promising new strategies, such as CAR NK cells and combination regimens, are under investigation to enhance safety and applicability to solid tumors. Critical factors influencing outcomes include patient-specific elements like genetic mutations, age, and variability in clinical trial demographics, which affect both efficacy and QoL. As immunotherapy advances, personalized treatment approaches informed by genetic and clinical profiles will be crucial for optimizing results. Further research should address toxicity reduction, broaden target options, and develop accessible off-the-shelf therapies. This review underscores immunotherapy's impact on survival and QoL, advocating for precision medicine in oncology to enhance patient-centered outcomes.

癌症患者接受免疫治疗的临床结果和生活质量:一项范围综述。
免疫疗法通过利用免疫系统瞄准并摧毁癌细胞,改变了癌症治疗。本综述综合了关键免疫治疗药物的临床结果和生活质量(QoL)影响的最新数据,包括检查点抑制剂(如派姆单抗、纳武单抗)和CAR - t细胞疗法。在PubMed和谷歌Scholar上进行了系统搜索,确定了过去五年(2020-2024)发表的主要研究,重点是临床疗效和生活质量指标。研究结果显示,免疫疗法提供了显着的生存益处和生活质量改善,特别是在血液病中,CAR - t细胞疗法对复发或难治性病例显示出很高的疗效。然而,在将这些益处扩展到实体肿瘤方面仍然存在挑战,常见的障碍是免疫相关的毒性和获得途径有限。有希望的新策略,如CAR - NK细胞和联合方案,正在研究中,以提高安全性和对实体肿瘤的适用性。影响结果的关键因素包括患者特异性因素,如基因突变、年龄和临床试验人口统计学中的可变性,这些因素都会影响疗效和生活质量。随着免疫疗法的进步,根据遗传和临床资料进行个性化治疗的方法将是优化结果的关键。进一步的研究应致力于降低毒性,扩大目标选择,并开发可获得的现成治疗方法。本综述强调了免疫治疗对生存和生活质量的影响,倡导肿瘤精准医学以提高以患者为中心的结果。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
14
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Immunology covers a broad spectrum of investigations at the genes, molecular, cellular, organ and system levels to reveal defense mechanisms against pathogens as well as protection against tumors and autoimmune diseases. The great advances in immunology in recent years make this field one of the most dynamic and rapidly growing in medical sciences. Critical ReviewsTM in Immunology (CRI) seeks to present a balanced overview of contemporary adaptive and innate immune responses related to autoimmunity, tumor, microbe, transplantation, neuroimmunology, immune regulation and immunotherapy from basic to translational aspects in health and disease. The articles that appear in CRI are mostly obtained by invitations to active investigators. But the journal will also consider proposals from the scientific community. Interested investigators should send their inquiries to the editor before submitting a manuscript.
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