Tracking changes in antimicrobial resistance and clone replacement of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in Rio de Janeiro from 2015 to 2022

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Infection Genetics and Evolution Pub Date : 2025-07-29 DOI:10.1016/j.meegid.2025.105807

Raphael Cavalcante de Medeiros , Késia Thaís Barros dos Santos , Larissa Brasil Skaf , Adriane Meira Mercadante , Matheus Henrique Banchete Rosa , Luiz Eduardo Teixeira de Araújo Pacheco , Sergio Eduardo Longo Fracalanzza , Adriana Lúcia Pires Ferreira , Jennifer L. Reimche , Kim M. Gernert , Ellen N. Kersh , Raquel Regina Bonelli

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Neisseria gonorrhoeae poses a significant global public health challenge due to its ability to rapidly evolve antimicrobial resistance. In this study, we analyzed 141 isolates of N. gonorrhoeae obtained between 2015 and 2022 from clinical laboratories in the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro. Antimicrobial susceptibility, resistance mechanisms, and clonal diversity were investigated. Whole-genome sequencing and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) revealed the circulation of internationally relevant sequence types (STs) such as ST-1901, ST-7363, and ST-9363. While non-susceptibility rates to penicillin (98 %) and ciprofloxacin (73 %) remained stable compared to earlier data, tetracycline resistance decreased from 67 % (in 2015–2016) to 20 % (in 2019–2020), likely due to the reduced prevalence of ST-1588. However, mainly after 2020, tetM plasmids were detected in ST-7822 and the emerging ST-7363, suggesting the concern of a rising occurrence of these determinants in the near future. Azithromycin non-susceptibility varied between 15 and 33 % in the different time frames, associated with mutations in the mtrR promoter and rrl gene, affecting isolates across eleven STs. While no ceftriaxone non-susceptibility was identified, ST-1901 and ST-7363 isolates harbored unique mosaic penA 34 alleles, and ST-1580/ST-17526 carried semi-mosaic 93 alleles. These findings underscore the persistence of resistance to older antimicrobials, the spread of plasmid-mediated resistance in key clones, and the growing threat of azithromycin resistance, which could compromise the treatment of gonorrhea in patients allergic to beta-lactams.

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2015 - 2022年巴西巴西淋病奈瑟菌耐药性和克隆替代变化的跟踪研究

淋病奈瑟菌由于能够迅速产生抗菌素耐药性，对全球公共卫生构成重大挑战。在这项研究中，我们分析了2015年至2022年间从巴西首都地区的临床实验室获得的141株淋病奈瑟菌。对其药敏、耐药机制和克隆多样性进行了研究。全基因组测序和多位点序列分型（MLST）揭示了ST-1901、ST-7363和ST-9363等国际相关序列类型的循环。虽然对青霉素（98 %）和环丙沙星（73 %）的非敏感性与早期数据相比保持稳定，但四环素耐药率从2015-2016年的67 %下降到2019-2020年的20 %，可能是由于ST-1588的患病率降低。然而，主要是在2020年之后，在ST-7822和新出现的ST-7363中检测到tetM质粒，这表明在不久的将来这些决定因素的发生将会增加。在不同的时间框架内，阿奇霉素非敏感性在15%至33% %之间变化，与mtrR启动子和rrl基因的突变有关，影响了11个STs的分离株。ST-1901和ST-7363分离株携带独特的花叶型pena34等位基因，ST-1580/ST-17526分离株携带半花叶型93等位基因，未发现头孢曲松非敏感性。这些发现强调了对旧抗菌素的持续耐药性，质粒介导的耐药性在关键克隆中的传播，以及阿奇霉素耐药性的威胁日益增加，这可能危及对-内酰胺过敏的患者的淋病治疗。

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来源期刊

Infection Genetics and Evolution 医学-传染病学

CiteScore

8.40

自引率

0.00%

发文量

215

审稿时长

82 days

期刊介绍： (aka Journal of Molecular Epidemiology and Evolutionary Genetics of Infectious Diseases -- MEEGID) Infectious diseases constitute one of the main challenges to medical science in the coming century. The impressive development of molecular megatechnologies and of bioinformatics have greatly increased our knowledge of the evolution, transmission and pathogenicity of infectious diseases. Research has shown that host susceptibility to many infectious diseases has a genetic basis. Furthermore, much is now known on the molecular epidemiology, evolution and virulence of pathogenic agents, as well as their resistance to drugs, vaccines, and antibiotics. Equally, research on the genetics of disease vectors has greatly improved our understanding of their systematics, has increased our capacity to identify target populations for control or intervention, and has provided detailed information on the mechanisms of insecticide resistance. However, the genetics and evolutionary biology of hosts, pathogens and vectors have tended to develop as three separate fields of research. This artificial compartmentalisation is of concern due to our growing appreciation of the strong co-evolutionary interactions among hosts, pathogens and vectors. Infection, Genetics and Evolution and its companion congress [MEEGID](http://www.meegidconference.com/) (for Molecular Epidemiology and Evolutionary Genetics of Infectious Diseases) are the main forum acting for the cross-fertilization between evolutionary science and biomedical research on infectious diseases. Infection, Genetics and Evolution is the only journal that welcomes articles dealing with the genetics and evolutionary biology of hosts, pathogens and vectors, and coevolution processes among them in relation to infection and disease manifestation. All infectious models enter the scope of the journal, including pathogens of humans, animals and plants, either parasites, fungi, bacteria, viruses or prions. The journal welcomes articles dealing with genetics, population genetics, genomics, postgenomics, gene expression, evolutionary biology, population dynamics, mathematical modeling and bioinformatics. We also provide many author benefits, such as free PDFs, a liberal copyright policy, special discounts on Elsevier publications and much more. Please click here for more information on our author services .