Advancements in Skin Cancer Prevention and Treatment: Harnessing Technology, Natural Therapies, and Emerging Diagnostic Approaches.

Abstract

Skin cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies globally, with rising incidence rates driven by environmental and genetic factors. This manuscript aims to explore recent advancements in the prevention and treatment of skin cancer, focusing on the integration of emerging technologies, plant-based therapies, and innovative diagnostic approaches. Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation is the primary environmental risk factor for skin cancer, contributing to both melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC), including squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and basal cell carcinoma (BCC). Advances in technology, such as AI-driven diagnostic tools and non-invasive imaging techniques, are transforming early detection and risk assessment. Additionally, the role of genetic factors, such as p53 mutations in the development of SCC, is highlighted, emphasizing the importance of molecular diagnostics in guiding treatment strategies. In the realm of therapeutics, plant-based compounds are gaining traction for their anti-cancer properties. Natural agents such as polyphenols and flavonoids exhibit UV-protective and anti-carcinogenic effects, offering promising adjuncts to conventional treatments. Moreover, innovative treatment modalities, including immunotherapy and nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems, are being explored to enhance the efficacy of traditional chemotherapies while minimizing side effects. This article comprehensively reviews the types and classifications of skin cancer, the role of biological and non-biological risk factors, and cutting-edge prevention strategies. It also delves into the potential of plant-based therapies and the emerging role of nanotechnology and advanced diagnostic techniques in skin cancer management. By examining these novel approaches, the manuscript offers a forward-looking perspective on improving early detection, enhancing treatment outcomes, and reducing the global burden of skin cancer. These insights could pave the way for integrating innovative therapies and technologies into clinical practice, facilitating more effective skin cancer management.