Maternal diet shapes infant microbiota and defensive capacity against infections in early life via differential human milk composition.

IF 10.8 1区医学 Q1 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL

EBioMedicine Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-29 DOI:10.1016/j.ebiom.2025.105850

Karla Rio-Aige, Marta Selma-Royo, Raúl Cabrera-Rubio, Sonia González, Cecilia Martínez-Costa, Margarida Castell, María J Rodríguez-Lagunas, María Carmen Collado, Francisco J Pérez-Cano

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Maternal nutritional status and dietary profile during pregnancy and lactation have short- and long-term impacts on offspring health. However, there is an incomplete understanding of the mechanisms behind these health effects. This study aims to assess the effect of maternal diet on the health of offspring by examining to unravel the impact of maternal diet on offspring health outcomes and evaluate the link between maternal nutrition, human milk immune components and neonatal colonisation as potential mechanisms that mediate the influence of maternal diet in the incidence of infant infections.

Methods: To assess this objective, we used two complementary approaches by which a clinical observational study based on the MAMI birth cohort guided a preclinical interventional analysis using a neonatal rat model of rotavirus-induced gastroenteritis.

Findings: The findings in both approaches demonstrated that a maternal diet rich in plant-based protein, fibre and polyunsaturated fatty acids, was linked to reduced incidence and severity of infections in offspring that would be mediated by beneficial modulation of the gut microbiota and immune system. Specifically, in the suckling rats, a predominant Th1 immune response and an enhanced virus-specific response were observed. Moreover, human milk IgA and rat milk IgG2c played a key protective role that complemented the effects of maternal diet.

Interpretation: These results strengthen the importance of maternal diet during pregnancy and lactation supporting infant health.

Funding: The study was supported by LaMarató-TV3 (DIM-2-ELI, ref. 2018-27/30-31).

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母亲的饮食通过不同的母乳成分塑造婴儿微生物群和防御感染的能力。

背景：孕期和哺乳期母亲的营养状况和饮食习惯对后代健康有短期和长期的影响。然而，人们对这些健康影响背后的机制还不完全了解。本研究旨在评估母体饮食对后代健康的影响，通过研究揭示母体饮食对后代健康结果的影响，并评估母体营养、母乳免疫成分和新生儿定植之间的联系，作为介导母体饮食对婴儿感染发生率影响的潜在机制。方法：为了评估这一目标，我们采用了两种互补的方法，其中一项基于MAMI出生队列的临床观察研究指导了使用轮状病毒诱导的肠胃炎新生大鼠模型的临床前介入分析。研究结果：两种方法的研究结果都表明，富含植物性蛋白质、纤维和多不饱和脂肪酸的母亲饮食与后代感染的发生率和严重程度降低有关，这将通过肠道微生物群和免疫系统的有益调节来调节。具体来说，在哺乳大鼠中，观察到主要的Th1免疫反应和增强的病毒特异性反应。此外，人乳IgA和大鼠乳IgG2c发挥了关键的保护作用，补充了母体饮食的作用。解释：这些结果加强了孕期和哺乳期母亲饮食对婴儿健康的重要性。本研究由LaMarató-TV3 （DIM-2-ELI, ref. 2018-27/30-31）资助。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

EBioMedicine Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology-General Biochemistry,Genetics and Molecular Biology

CiteScore

17.70

自引率

0.90%

发文量

579

审稿时长

5 weeks

期刊介绍： eBioMedicine is a comprehensive biomedical research journal that covers a wide range of studies that are relevant to human health. Our focus is on original research that explores the fundamental factors influencing human health and disease, including the discovery of new therapeutic targets and treatments, the identification of biomarkers and diagnostic tools, and the investigation and modification of disease pathways and mechanisms. We welcome studies from any biomedical discipline that contribute to our understanding of disease and aim to improve human health.